Ramachandra Meghana, Mosayyebi Ali, Carugo Dario, Somani Bhaskar K
Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Res Rep Urol. 2020 Jul 31;12:303-314. doi: 10.2147/RRU.S233981. eCollection 2020.
Ureteric stents have played a vital role in relieving urinary obstruction in many urological conditions. Although they are extremely successful, stents have been associated with complications and reduced patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There are many factors that may affect the quality and longevity of stents. In this review, we have highlighted the journey and innovation of ureteric stents through the modern day. A literature review was conducted to identify relevant articles over the last 20 years. There is a plethora of evidence with various indications for the use of ureteral stents and how they affect QoL. There is still ongoing research to develop the ideal stent with reduced encrustation, one that resists infection and is also comfortable for the patients. Stents made from metal alloys, polymers and biodegradable materials have unique properties in their own right but also have certain deficiencies. These have been discussed along with an overview of newly developed stents. Certain pharmacological adjuncts have also been highlighted that may be useful to improve patient's tolerance to stents. In summary, this paper describes the features of the different types of stents and the problems that are frequently encountered, including effect on patients' HRQoL and financial burden to healthcare providers.
输尿管支架在许多泌尿系统疾病中缓解尿路梗阻方面发挥了至关重要的作用。尽管它们极其成功,但支架也与并发症相关,并降低了患者的健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)。有许多因素可能影响支架的质量和使用寿命。在本综述中,我们重点介绍了输尿管支架直至现代的发展历程和创新。进行了文献综述以识别过去20年中的相关文章。有大量证据表明输尿管支架的各种使用指征以及它们如何影响生活质量。目前仍在进行研究以开发理想的支架,减少结垢,抵抗感染并且对患者也舒适。由金属合金、聚合物和可生物降解材料制成的支架本身具有独特的性能,但也存在某些缺陷。这些与新开发支架的概述一起进行了讨论。还强调了某些可能有助于提高患者对支架耐受性的药物辅助手段。总之,本文描述了不同类型支架的特点以及经常遇到的问题,包括对患者HRQoL的影响和对医疗服务提供者的经济负担。
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