Frew J E, Hill H A
Genetics International (UK) Inc., Abingdon.
Eur J Biochem. 1988 Mar 1;172(2):261-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13882.x.
The direct electrochemistry of redox proteins has been achieved at a variety of electrodes, including modified gold, pyrolytic graphite and metal oxides. Careful design of electrode surfaces and electrolyte conditions are required for the attainment of rapid and reversible protein-electrode interaction. The electron transfer reactions of more complex systems, such as redox enzymes, are now being examined. The 'well-behaved' electrochemistry of redox proteins can be usefully exploited by coupling the electrode reaction to enzymes for which the redox proteins act as cofactors. In systems where direct electron transfer is very slow, small electron carriers, or mediators, may be employed to enhance the rate of electron exchange with the electrode. The organometallic compound ferrocene and its derivatives have proved particularly effective in this role. A new generation of electrochemical biosensors employs ferrocene derivatives as mediators.
氧化还原蛋白的直接电化学已在多种电极上实现，包括修饰金电极、热解石墨电极和金属氧化物电极。要实现快速且可逆的蛋白质 - 电极相互作用，需要精心设计电极表面和电解质条件。目前正在研究更复杂体系的电子转移反应，如氧化还原酶的反应。通过将电极反应与以氧化还原蛋白为辅因子的酶偶联，可以有效利用氧化还原蛋白“表现良好”的电化学性质。在直接电子转移非常缓慢的体系中，可以使用小的电子载体或媒介体来提高与电极的电子交换速率。有机金属化合物二茂铁及其衍生物在这方面已证明特别有效。新一代电化学生物传感器采用二茂铁衍生物作为媒介体。
