Research Scholar, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
Daru. 2020 Dec;28(2):701-734. doi: 10.1007/s40199-020-00341-0. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
The amphibian, non-vascular, gametophyte-dominant, bio-indicator class, bryophytes; with their wide ranges of habitat have attained importance due to their promising medicinal attributions and therapeutic role; mostly aided by presence of aromatic bibenzyl and bisbybenzyl class of compounds. Bibenzyls are steroidal ethane derivatives, resembling the structural moiety of bioactive dihydro-stilbenoids or iso-quinoline alkaloids. These stress triggered secondary metabolites are the by-products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Different classes of bryophytes (Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta and Anthocerotophyta) possess different subtypes of bibenzyls and dimeric bisbibenzyls. Among the liverwort, hornwort and mosses, former one is mostly enriched with bibenzyl type constituents as per the extensive study conducted for phytochemical deposit. Considering macrocyclic and acyclic group of bibenzyls and bisbybenzyls, generally marchantin type compounds are reported vividly for significant biological activity that includes neuro-nephro-cardio-protection besides anti-allergic, anti-microbial, anti-apoptotic and cytotoxic activities studied on in-vitro and in-vivo models or on cell lines.
The critical analysis of reported chemical and pharmaceutical attributions of bibenzyls and bis-bibenzyls yielded detailed report on this compound class along with their application, mode of action, natural source, techniques of synthesis, extraction procedure, isolation and characterization. Further, the structure activity relationship studies and bioactivity of bibenzyls derived from non-bryophytic origin were also summarized.
This review encompasses prospective biological application of botanical reservoir of this primarily ignored, primeval land plant group where recent technical advances has paved the way for qualitative and quantitative isolation and estimation of novel compounds as well as marker components to study their impact on environment, as bio-control agents and as key leads in future drug designing. Graphical abstract.
两栖类、非脉管、配子体占优势、生物指示类群的苔藓植物，由于其具有广泛的生境范围和有前途的药用属性和治疗作用而变得重要；这主要得益于芳香双苄基和双苄基类化合物的存在。双苄基是甾体乙烷衍生物，类似于生物活性二氢芪类或异喹啉生物碱的结构部分。这些由应激引发的次生代谢物是类黄酮生物合成途径的副产物。不同类别的苔藓植物（苔藓植物、地钱植物和角苔植物）拥有不同类型的双苄基和二聚双苄基。在苔类植物、角苔类植物和藓类植物中，根据广泛的植物化学沉积研究，前者主要富含双苄基型成分。考虑到双苄基和双二苄基的大环和无环组，通常报道的马钱素型化合物具有显著的生物活性，包括神经肾心保护作用，以及抗变态反应、抗微生物、抗细胞凋亡和细胞毒性活性，这些活性已在体内和体外模型或细胞系上进行了研究。
对双苄基和双二苄基的报道的化学和药物属性的批判性分析提供了关于该化合物类别的详细报告，以及它们的应用、作用模式、天然来源、合成技术、提取程序、分离和表征。此外，还总结了非苔藓来源的双苄基衍生化合物的结构活性关系研究和生物活性。
本综述包括对这一主要被忽视的原始陆地植物群的植物库的潜在生物学应用，最近的技术进步为定性和定量分离和估计新型化合物以及标记成分铺平了道路，以研究它们对环境的影响，作为生物控制剂以及作为未来药物设计的关键先导。
