7284 Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
7285 HIV/STD Program, Public Health-Seattle and King County, Seattle, WA, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2020 Sep/Oct;135(5):611-620. doi: 10.1177/0033354920942623. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Although some studies have reported a higher incidence of HIV infection among non-US-born people than among US-born people, national data on this topic are scarce. We compared the epidemiology of HIV infection between US-born and non-US-born residents of the United States and examined the characteristics of non-US-born people with diagnosed HIV infection by region of birth (ROB).
We used a cross-sectional study design to produce national, population-based data describing HIV infection among US-born and non-US-born people. We analyzed National HIV Surveillance System data for people with HIV infection diagnosed during 2010-2017 and reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We compared data on demographic characteristics, transmission risk category, and stage 3 infection (AIDS) classification within 3 months of HIV diagnosis, by nativity and ROB.
During 2010-2017, 328 317 children and adult US residents were diagnosed with HIV infection and were reported to CDC: 214 973 (65.5%) were US-born, 50 301 (15.3%) were non-US-born, and 63 043 (19.2%) were missing data on country of birth. After adjusting for missing country of birth, 266 147 (81.1%) people were US-born and 62 170 (18.9%) were non-US-born. This group accounted for 15 928 of 65 645 (24.2%) HIV diagnoses among girls and women and 46 242 of 262 672 (17.6%) HIV diagnoses among boys and men. A larger percentage of non-US-born people than US-born people had stage 3 infection (AIDS) at HIV diagnosis (31.2% vs 23.9%). Among non-US-born people with HIV diagnoses, 19 876 (39.5%) resided in the South.
Characterizing non-US-born people with HIV infection is essential for developing effective HIV interventions, particularly in areas with large immigrant populations.
尽管一些研究报告称，非美国出生的人感染 HIV 的比例高于美国出生的人，但关于这一主题的国家数据却很少。我们比较了美国出生和非美国出生的居民中 HIV 感染的流行病学，并通过出生地区（ROB）检查了诊断为 HIV 感染的非美国出生者的特征。
我们使用横断面研究设计，生成了全国性、基于人群的数据，描述了美国出生和非美国出生的人 HIV 感染情况。我们分析了 2010 年至 2017 年期间诊断并向疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）报告的 HIV 感染者的国家 HIV 监测系统数据。我们比较了出生和 ROB 对 3 个月内 HIV 诊断时人口统计学特征、传播风险类别和 3 期感染（艾滋病）分类的影响。
2010 年至 2017 年间，328317 名美国儿童和成年居民被诊断出 HIV 感染，并向 CDC 报告：214973 名（65.5%）为美国出生，50301 名（15.3%）为非美国出生，63043 名（19.2%）为出生地数据缺失。在调整出生地缺失数据后，266147 名（81.1%）为美国出生，62170 名（18.9%）为非美国出生。这组人群中，女孩和妇女的 65645 例 HIV 诊断中有 15928 例（24.2%），男孩和男性的 262672 例 HIV 诊断中有 46242 例（17.6%）是由非美国出生的人引起的。与美国出生的人相比，非美国出生的人在 HIV 诊断时患有 3 期感染（艾滋病）的比例更高（31.2%比 23.9%）。在诊断出 HIV 的非美国出生者中，有 19876 人（39.5%）居住在南部。
对感染 HIV 的非美国出生者进行特征描述对于制定有效的 HIV 干预措施至关重要，特别是在移民人口较多的地区。
