Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2020 Oct 25;190:113512. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113512. Epub 2020 Aug 2.
Garcinia kola seeds play an important role in African traditional medicine, which are widely used to treat stomachache, gastritis, malaria, venereal diseases and laryngitis. The habitats, specification, different parts of seeds and slicing process are important factors that affect the quality of Garcinia kola seeds. Interestingly, brownish yellow or brownish red spots were derived from gum resin exuded during slicing, whose chemical constituents have not been elucidated. A rapid high performance liquid chromatography method was established for quantitative study of four main biflavanones (GB-2, GB-1, kolaflavanone and GB-1a) in Garcinia kola seeds. We found that the content of the tested biflavanones was slightly different in Garcinia kola seeds from different habitats, while the seeds weight showed no obvious influence on the biflavanones content from the same habitat. With the aid of "spider-web" mode, we unveiled that the accumulation of biflavanones mainly occurred in seed kernels. Furthermore, slices thickness (1-2 mm) was optimized by comprehensive evaluation of biflavanones' content, moisture, cutting-time and drying-time to efficiently dry the slices. By employing of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap MS), garcinoic acid and its derivatives were successfully identified in gum resin, conducing to the interesting finding about the distribution of biflavanones and derivatives of garcinoic acid in Garcinia kola seeds. Generally, our findings in this research could contribute to standardizing the process of harvesting, processing and quality control for Garcinia kola seeds, and help better development and utilization of this important medicinal plant.
可乐果种子在非洲传统医学中起着重要作用，被广泛用于治疗胃痛、胃炎、疟疾、性病和喉炎。栖息地、规格、种子的不同部位和切片过程是影响可乐果种子质量的重要因素。有趣的是，棕色或红棕色斑点是由切片过程中渗出的树胶树脂形成的，其化学成分尚未阐明。建立了一种快速高效液相色谱法，用于定量研究可乐果种子中的四种主要双黄酮（GB-2、GB-1、可乐黄酮和 GB-1a）。我们发现，不同栖息地的可乐果种子中测试的双黄酮含量略有不同，而种子重量对同一栖息地的双黄酮含量没有明显影响。借助“蛛网”模式，我们揭示了双黄酮的积累主要发生在种仁中。此外，通过综合评价双黄酮含量、水分、切割时间和干燥时间，优化了切片厚度（1-2 毫米），以有效地干燥切片。采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离四极杆轨道阱高分辨率质谱（UHPLC/ESI Q-Orbitrap MS），成功鉴定了树胶树脂中的 Garcinoic 酸及其衍生物，从而发现了双黄酮及其 Garcinoic 酸衍生物在可乐果种子中的分布情况。总的来说，我们在这项研究中的发现有助于规范可乐果种子的收获、加工和质量控制过程，并有助于更好地开发和利用这种重要的药用植物。
