Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 12;21(16):5783. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165783.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease and a major contributor to progressive cognitive impairment in an aging society. As the pathophysiology of AD involves chronic neuroinflammation, the resolution of inflammation and the group of lipid mediators that actively regulate it-i.e., specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs)-attracted attention in recent years as therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the following three specific SPMs and summarizes their relationships to AD, as they were shown to effectively address and reduce the risk of AD-related neuroinflammation: maresin 1 (MaR1), resolvin D1 (RvD1), and neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1). These three SPMs are metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is contained in fish oils and is thus easily available to the public. They are expected to become incorporated into promising avenues for preventing and treating AD in the future.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，也是老龄化社会中导致进行性认知障碍的主要原因。由于 AD 的病理生理学涉及慢性神经炎症，因此近年来，炎症的解决和积极调节炎症的脂质介质群，即专门的促解决脂质介质（SPM），作为治疗靶点引起了关注。本综述重点介绍了以下三种特定的 SPM，并总结了它们与 AD 的关系，因为它们有效地解决和降低了 AD 相关神经炎症的风险：maresin 1（MaR1）、resolvin D1（RvD1）和 neuroprotectin D1（NPD1）。这三种 SPM 是二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的代谢物，DHA 存在于鱼油中，因此公众很容易获得。它们有望成为未来预防和治疗 AD 的有前途的途径。
