Department of Radiology, 12485The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Cancer Institute, 377323Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China.
Cancer Control. 2020 Jul-Aug;27(3):1073274820934805. doi: 10.1177/1073274820934805.
Traditional methods of cancer treatment are usually based on the morphological and histological diagnosis of tumors, and they are not optimized according to the specific situation. Precision medicine adjusts the existing treatment regimen based on the patient's genomic information to make it most suitable for patients. Detection of genetic mutations in tumors is the basis of precise cancer medicine. Through the analysis of genetic mutations in patients with cancer, we can tailor the treatment plan for each patient with cancer to maximize the curative effect, minimize damage to healthy tissues, and optimize resources. In recent years, next-generation sequencing technology has developed rapidly and has become the core technology of precise targeted therapy and immunotherapy for cancer. From early cancer screening to treatment guidance for patients with advanced cancer, liquid biopsy is increasingly used in cancer management. This is as a result of the development of better noninvasive, repeatable, sensitive, and accurate tools used in early screening, diagnosis, evaluation, and monitoring of patients. Cell-free DNA, which is a new noninvasive molecular pathological detection method, often carries tumor-specific gene changes. It plays an important role in optimizing treatment and evaluating the efficacy of different treatment options in clinical trials, and it has broad clinical applications.
传统的癌症治疗方法通常基于肿瘤的形态学和组织学诊断，而不是根据具体情况进行优化。精准医学根据患者的基因组信息调整现有治疗方案，使其最适合患者。肿瘤的基因突变检测是精准癌症医学的基础。通过分析癌症患者的基因突变，我们可以为每个癌症患者量身定制治疗方案，最大限度地提高疗效，最小化对健康组织的损害，并优化资源。近年来，下一代测序技术发展迅速，已成为癌症精准靶向治疗和免疫治疗的核心技术。从早期癌症筛查到晚期癌症患者的治疗指导，液体活检在癌症管理中的应用越来越广泛。这是由于更好的非侵入性、可重复性、敏感性和准确性工具的发展，用于早期筛查、诊断、评估和监测患者。循环游离 DNA 是一种新的非侵入性分子病理检测方法，常携带肿瘤特异性基因改变。它在优化治疗和评估不同治疗方案在临床试验中的疗效方面发挥着重要作用，具有广泛的临床应用。
