Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
Education Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020 Aug 17;17(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00372-7.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effect of a period of 6 months of aerobic physical training on serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic (As), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), potentially toxic minerals.
Twenty-four well-trained, long distance runners (AG), were recruited at the start of their training period. They had been performing training regularly for the previous 2 years, recording an average volume of 120 km per week of rigorous aerobic exercise aimed at high-level competitions (1500 and 5000 m race modalities). Twenty-six untrained, sedentary participants constituted the control group (CG). All participants had been living in the same geographic area for at least 2 years before the start of the survey. Serum and urine samples were obtained from each participant at the beginning and at the end of the 6 months of the training program. The values of each mineral were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Additionally, the daily intake of each mineral was evaluated at both moments in time.
The daily concentrations of trace elements in the diet were similar at the start and the end of the training period without differences between groups. In serum, significant differences between groups were observed in As, Cd and Pb (p < 0.05). Attending to time effects, a significant difference was obtained in Pb (p < 0.05). In urine, significant differences between groups were obtained in all minerals (p < 0.05). According to training period, significant differences were observed in As, Be and Pb (p < 0.05). Finally, the group x time interaction revealed significant differences in As and Be (p < 0.05).
Aerobic training may constitute a possibly effective method for increasing the elimination of Cd and Pb potentially toxic minerals from the body, especially among highly trained individuals.
本研究旨在评估 6 个月的有氧运动训练对血清和尿液中砷（As）、铍（Be）、镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）等潜在有毒矿物质浓度的可能影响。
研究开始时，招募了 24 名训练有素的长跑运动员（AG）。他们在过去的 2 年中一直定期进行训练，每周平均记录 120 公里的严格有氧运动，旨在参加高水平比赛（1500 米和 5000 米比赛模式）。26 名未经训练的久坐参与者构成对照组（CG）。所有参与者在调查开始前至少在同一地理区域居住了 2 年。在训练计划开始和结束时，从每个参与者身上采集血清和尿液样本。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定每种矿物质的含量。此外，还评估了在这两个时间点每种矿物质的每日摄入量。
在训练前后，饮食中微量元素的日浓度相似，且组间无差异。在血清中，AG 和 CG 组间在 As、Cd 和 Pb 方面存在显著差异（p<0.05）。考虑到时间效应，在 Pb 方面也得到了显著差异（p<0.05）。在尿液中，AG 和 CG 组间在所有矿物质方面均存在显著差异（p<0.05）。根据训练期，在 As、Be 和 Pb 方面也观察到了显著差异（p<0.05）。最后，组间×时间的交互作用在 As 和 Be 方面也存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
有氧运动训练可能是一种有效的方法，可增加身体对 Cd 和 Pb 等潜在有毒矿物质的排泄，尤其是在高度训练的个体中。
