Bao Mingyang, Wang Lina
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Ann Palliat Med. 2020 Sep;9(5):2485-2497. doi: 10.21037/apm-19-377. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, unbalanced regional development and different research designs lead to greater heterogeneity of hypertension data in China, and lack of a summary of long-term variation trends. The aim was to estimate the pooled prevalence of hypertension and to describe the secular trend in hypertension.
Literatures, related to the prevalence of hypertension among Chinese adults, were searched through both English and Chinese databases. The pooled prevalence was estimated with random effects. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression was conducted to address heterogeneity. Continuous fractional polynomial regression model and compound model were used to estimate the trend of hypertension prevalence with time.
A total of 18 studies were included and the whole population was 9, 191, 121. The pooled prevalence of hypertension among Chinese adults was 24.3% (95% CI: 18.8-29.8%), increasing from the west to the east. Hypertension was more common in male than in female (27.8% vs. 25.1%) and in urban population than in rural population (27.0% vs. 26.0%). The annual increase of prevalence was about 0.29% nonlinearly before 2004 and maintained approximately 2.45% per year between 2004 and 2010. After a significant decline in 2011, there was a slight incline.
The prevalence of hypertension in Chinese adults has been increasing, indicating that more efforts should be strengthened for hypertension management in China.
高血压是最常见的非传染性疾病之一。然而，区域发展不平衡和不同的研究设计导致中国高血压数据的异质性更大，且缺乏长期变化趋势的总结。目的是估计高血压的合并患病率并描述其长期趋势。
通过英文和中文数据库检索有关中国成年人高血压患病率的文献。采用随机效应估计合并患病率。进行亚组分析和meta回归以解决异质性问题。使用连续分数多项式回归模型和复合模型估计高血压患病率随时间的趋势。
共纳入18项研究，总样本量为919121人。中国成年人高血压的合并患病率为24.3%（95%CI：18.8-29.8%），从西部到东部呈上升趋势。高血压在男性中比女性中更常见（27.8%对25.1%），在城市人口中比农村人口中更常见（27.0%对26.0%）。2004年之前患病率的年增长率约为0.29%，呈非线性增长，2004年至2010年期间每年维持在约2.45%。2011年显著下降后，又略有上升。
中国成年人高血压患病率一直在上升，表明中国应加强高血压管理工作。
