Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2020 Oct 12;375(1809):20190551. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0551. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
During tissue morphogenesis, mechanical forces are propagated across tissues, resulting in tissue shape changes. These forces in turn can influence cell behaviour, leading to a feedback process that can be described as self-organizing. Here, I discuss cytoskeletal self-organization and point to evidence that suggests its role in directing force during morphogenesis. During mesoderm invagination, the shape of the region of cells that initiates constriction creates a mechanical pattern that in turn aligns the cytoskeleton with the axis of greatest resistance to contraction. The wild-type direction of the force controls the shape and orientation of the invaginating mesoderm. Given the ability of the actomyosin cytoskeleton to self-organize, these types of feedback mechanisms are likely to play important roles in a range of different morphogenetic events. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Contemporary morphogenesis'.
在组织形态发生过程中，机械力在组织中传播，导致组织形状发生变化。这些力反过来又可以影响细胞行为，导致可以被描述为自我组织的反馈过程。在这里，我讨论了细胞骨架的自我组织，并指出有证据表明它在指导形态发生过程中的力方面发挥了作用。在中胚层内陷过程中，起始收缩的细胞区域的形状会产生一种机械模式，该模式反过来又会使细胞骨架与收缩阻力最大的轴对齐。力的野生型方向控制着内陷中胚层的形状和方向。考虑到肌动球蛋白细胞骨架的自我组织能力，这些类型的反馈机制很可能在一系列不同的形态发生事件中发挥重要作用。本文是“当代形态发生”讨论专题的一部分。
