Division of Cancer Management Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Jan;36(1):163-173. doi: 10.1002/gps.5410. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
As aging progresses, older adults experience several health changes, including changes in cholesterol levels, which increases their risk for other diseases. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to cognitive impairment and depression, which may be due to several factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum cholesterol level and cognitive impairment and depression in older adults.
This study used senior cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. A total of 128 371 participants contributed repeated measures to this dataset. Cognitive impairment was measured via a self-reported questionnaire and depression was measured using claim data. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify associations between serum cholesterol level and cognitive impairment and depression, including subgroup analyses by sex.
There was no significant association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), or triglycerides (TG) with cognitive impairment. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment, whereas high HDL-C was associated with lower cognitive impairment. Higher LDL-C was significantly associated with lower depression. Higher TC also was significantly associated with depression.
HDL-C is associated with depressive symptoms, and may be a key factor in predicting psychiatric symptoms or cognitive decline. Our study suggest that routine health screenings may aid in the early detection of high-risk individuals.
随着年龄的增长，老年人会经历多种健康变化，包括胆固醇水平的变化，这会增加他们患其他疾病的风险。老年人特别容易受到认知障碍和抑郁的影响，这可能是由于多种因素造成的。本研究旨在评估血清胆固醇水平与老年人认知障碍和抑郁之间的关系。
本研究使用了来自韩国国家健康保险服务的老年队列数据。共有 128371 名参与者为该数据集提供了重复测量。认知障碍通过自我报告问卷进行测量，抑郁通过索赔数据进行测量。使用广义估计方程来确定血清胆固醇水平与认知障碍和抑郁之间的关联，包括按性别进行的亚组分析。
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）或甘油三酯（TG）与认知障碍之间没有显著关联。低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）与认知障碍的风险增加显著相关，而高 HDL-C 与认知障碍的风险降低显著相关。较高的 LDL-C 与较低的抑郁显著相关。较高的 TC 也与抑郁显著相关。
HDL-C 与抑郁症状相关，可能是预测精神症状或认知能力下降的关键因素。我们的研究表明，常规健康筛查可能有助于早期发现高危人群。
