Anastassiadou Maria, Bernasconi Giovanni, Brancato Alba, Carrasco Cabrera Luis, Ferreira Lucien, Greco Luna, Jarrah Samira, Kazocina Aija, Leuschner Renata, Magrans Jose Oriol, Miron Ileana, Nave Stefanie, Pedersen Ragnor, Reich Hermine, Rojas Alejandro, Sacchi Angela, Santos Miguel, Theobald Anne, Vagenende Benedicte, Verani Alessia
EFSA J. 2020 Aug 18;18(8):e06233. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6233. eCollection 2020 Aug.
According to Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, EFSA has reviewed the maximum residue levels (MRLs) currently established at European level for the pesticide active substance propineb. Although this active substance is no longer authorised within the EU, due to insufficient information in order to conclude on the consumer risk assessment for the active substance, the toxicity of the metabolite propane-1,2-diamine (PDA) the impact on non-target organisms and the risk to honeybees, MRLs based on the use of propineb were established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (codex maximum residue limits; CXLs) and are still in place. Additionally, propineb has potential endocrine-disrupting properties related to the hazards of its major metabolite 4-methylimidazolidine-2-thione (PTU). Lacking a full toxicological characterisation for the compound PDA, exposure data for metabolites propineb-DIDT in plants and PDA in processed commodities and considering that propineb-MRLs correlated to CXLs were based on EU uses that were withdrawn following the non-renewal and are no longer in place, it was not possible for EFSA to perform an assessment of these MRLs and their incorporation in European legislation cannot be recommended. Nevertheless, available data allowed EFSA to propose a marker residue and a limit of quantification (LOQ) for enforcement against potential illegal uses.
根据欧盟法规（EC）No 396/2005第12条，欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）审查了目前欧盟层面为农药活性物质代森锌设定的最大残留限量（MRLs）。尽管该活性物质在欧盟已不再获批，由于缺乏足够信息以完成对该活性物质的消费者风险评估、代谢物丙二胺（PDA）的毒性、对非靶标生物的影响以及对蜜蜂的风险，但食品法典委员会（食品法典最大残留限量；CXLs）基于代森锌的使用设定了最大残留限量，且这些限量仍然有效。此外，代森锌因其主要代谢物4-甲基咪唑啉-2-硫酮（PTU）的危害而具有潜在的内分泌干扰特性。由于缺乏对化合物PDA的完整毒理学特征描述、植物中代森锌-DIDT代谢物和加工商品中PDA的暴露数据，并且考虑到与CXLs相关的代森锌-MRLs是基于欧盟在续展未获批准后已停止的使用情况，目前已不再适用，欧洲食品安全局无法对这些最大残留限量进行评估，因此不建议将其纳入欧洲法规。然而，现有数据使欧洲食品安全局能够提出一个标识残留量和一个定量限（LOQ），以针对潜在的非法使用情况进行执法。
