Shah Bhumika, Leontieva Luba, Megna James L
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.
Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.
Cureus. 2020 Jul 19;12(7):e9285. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9285.
Introduction Deinstitutionalization has led to various changes in the utilization of healthcare services. The increased focus on treating patients within the community has led to variations in the utilization patterns of inpatient units. Shifts in demographic variables and disease-related, system-based, and economic factors have been observed. Due to the paucity of recent literature, this study was planned to assess the characteristics and treatment patterns in an acute inpatient psychiatric unit of a university hospital. Methods A retrospective observational study reviewing electronic medical records of patients in the context of demographic, disease-related, treatment-related, and system-based data was conducted over five years. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Linear regression was used to study each variable across time. Results There was an increase in neurodevelopmental disorders ( = 0.024), substance use disorders (= 0.041), and trauma and stressor-related disorders (= 0.012), with a decrease in depressive disorders (= 0.047). The use of restraints (= 0.035) has increased significantly during the same period. Conclusion This study gives us an insight into the changing trends in patient characteristics which have the potential to inform the creation of improved services.
引言
非机构化导致了医疗服务利用方面的各种变化。对社区内患者治疗的日益关注导致了住院病房利用模式的变化。已观察到人口统计学变量以及与疾病、系统和经济因素相关的变化。由于近期文献匮乏，本研究旨在评估一家大学医院急性住院精神科病房的患者特征和治疗模式。
方法
进行了一项回顾性观察研究，对五年期间患者的电子病历进行了人口统计学、疾病相关、治疗相关和基于系统的数据审查。通过描述性统计分析定量数据。使用线性回归研究各变量随时间的变化情况。
结果
神经发育障碍（= 0.024）、物质使用障碍（= 0.041）以及创伤和应激源相关障碍（= 0.012）有所增加，而抑郁症（= 0.047）有所减少。同期，约束措施的使用（= 0.035）显著增加。
结论
本研究让我们深入了解了患者特征的变化趋势，这些趋势有可能为改进服务的创建提供参考。
