Yang Lie, Yu Xiao, Wu Xiaolong, Wang Jia, Yan Xiaoke, Jiang Shen, Chen Zhuqi
Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
Wuhan Institute of Environmental Sanitation Science, Wuhan 430000, PR China.
Resour Conserv Recycl. 2021 Jan;164:105074. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105074. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic, the security management of health care wastes (HCWs) has attracted increasing concern due to their high risk. In this paper, the integrated management of HCWs in Wuhan, the first COVID-19-outbreaking city with over ten millions of people completely locking down, was collected, investigated and analyzed. During the pandemic, municipal solid wastes (MSWs) from designated hospitals, Fangcang shelter hospitals, isolation locations and residential areas (e.g. face masks) were collected and categorized as HCWs due to the high infectiousness and strong survivability of COVID-19, and accordingly the average production of HCWs per 1000 persons in Wuhan explosively increased from 3.64 kg/d to 27.32 kg/d. Segregation, collection, storage, transportation and disposal of HCWs in Wuhan were discussed and outlined. Stationary facilities, mobile facilities, co-processing facilities (Incineration plants for MSWs) and nonlocal disposal were consecutively utilized to improve the disposal capacity, from 50 tons/d to 280.1 tons/d. Results indicated that stationary and co-processing facilities were preferential for HCWs disposal, while mobile facilities and nonlocal disposal acted as supplementary approaches. Overall, the improved system of HCWs management could meet the challenge of the explosive growth of HCWs production during COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan. Furthermore, these practices could provide a reference for other densely populated metropolises.
在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）成为全球大流行期间，医疗废物因其高风险而使安全管理备受关注。本文收集、调查并分析了武汉（首个新冠疫情爆发且有超过千万人口完全封城的城市）医疗废物的综合管理情况。在疫情期间，由于COVID-19的高传染性和强生存能力，来自定点医院、方舱医院、隔离点和居民区的城市固体废物（如口罩）被收集并归类为医疗废物，因此武汉每1000人的医疗废物日均产量从3.64千克急剧增加到27.32千克。文中讨论并概述了武汉医疗废物的分类、收集、储存、运输和处置情况。先后利用固定设施、移动设施、协同处理设施（城市固体废物焚烧厂）和异地处置来提高处置能力，从每日50吨提高到280.1吨。结果表明，固定设施和协同处理设施优先用于医疗废物处置，而移动设施和异地处置作为补充手段。总体而言，改进后的医疗废物管理系统能够应对武汉COVID-19疫情期间医疗废物产量的爆发式增长带来的挑战。此外，这些做法可为其他人口密集的大都市提供参考。
