Aschwanden Damaris, Strickhouser Jason E, Sesker Amanda A, Lee Ji Hyun, Luchetti Martina, Stephan Yannick, Sutin Angelina R, Terracciano Antonio
Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine Florida State University FL USA.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine Florida State University FL USA.
Eur J Pers. 2020 Jul 8. doi: 10.1002/per.2281.
This study examined the associations between personality traits and psychological and behavioural responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Personality was assessed in January/February 2020 when the public was not aware of the spread of coronavirus in the USA. Participants were reassessed in late March 2020 with four sets of questions about the pandemic: concerns, precautions, preparatory behaviours, and duration estimates. The sample consisted of = 2066 participants (mean age = 51.42; range = 18-98; 48.5% women). Regression models were used to analyse the data with age, gender, education, race, and ethnicity as covariates. Consistent with the preregistered hypotheses, higher neuroticism was related to more concerns and longer duration estimates related to COVID-19, higher extraversion was related to shorter duration estimates, and higher conscientiousness was associated with more precautions. In contrast to the preregistered hypotheses, higher neuroticism was associated with fewer precautions and unrelated to preparatory behaviours. Age moderated several trait-response associations, suggesting that some of the responses were associated more strongly in older adults, a group at risk for complications of COVID-19. For example, older adults high in conscientiousness prepared more. The present findings provide insights into how personality predicts concerns and behaviours related to the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology.
本研究考察了人格特质与对2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的心理及行为反应之间的关联。在2020年1月/2月对人格进行评估，当时美国公众尚未意识到冠状病毒的传播情况。在2020年3月下旬，用四组关于大流行的问题对参与者进行重新评估：担忧、预防措施、准备行为以及持续时间估计。样本包括2066名参与者（平均年龄 = 51.42岁；范围 = 18 - 98岁；48.5%为女性）。使用回归模型分析数据，将年龄、性别、教育程度、种族和民族作为协变量。与预先登记的假设一致，较高的神经质与更多的担忧以及与COVID-19相关的更长持续时间估计相关，较高的外向性与较短的持续时间估计相关，较高的尽责性与更多的预防措施相关。与预先登记的假设相反，较高的神经质与较少的预防措施相关，且与准备行为无关。年龄调节了几种特质 - 反应关联，表明其中一些反应在老年人（COVID-19并发症风险较高的群体）中关联更强。例如，尽责性高的老年人准备得更多。本研究结果为理解人格如何预测与COVID-19大流行相关的担忧和行为提供了见解。© 2020欧洲人格心理学会。
