Roehrborn C G, Peters P C
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas.
Urology. 1988 May;31(5):445-9. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(88)90746-7.
In 81 outpatients the postvoiding residual urine (PVR) using real-time B-mode ultrasonography (3.5 MHz transducer) was measured. For the calculation of the bladder volume the formula for an ellipsoid (V = 4/3 pi X r1 X r2 X r3) was found to be most accurate in predicting the actual volume measured by in-and-out catheterization (r = 0.982). Other volume formulas, using only one diameter of the bladder, were found to be much less accurate. For any arbitrary value of PVR, used in determining clinical management, the incidence of misjudgment by ultrasound was negligibly low. We conclude, that sonographic measurement of the PVR as a quick, noninvasive method, should replace catheterization, if the basic equipment is available. Additional information, e.g., prostate size, bladder configuration, diverticula, etc., can be obtained during the procedure without additional costs or loss of time.
对81例门诊患者使用实时B型超声（3.5MHz探头）测量了排尿后残余尿量（PVR）。在计算膀胱容量时，发现椭圆体公式（V = 4/3π×r1×r2×r3）在预测通过导尿管出入法测量的实际容量方面最为准确（r = 0.982）。发现仅使用膀胱一个直径的其他容量公式准确性要低得多。对于用于确定临床处理的任何任意PVR值，超声判断错误的发生率极低。我们得出结论，如果具备基本设备，作为一种快速、非侵入性方法的PVR超声测量应该取代导尿法。在此过程中可以获得额外信息，例如前列腺大小、膀胱形态、憩室等，而无需额外费用或时间损失。
