Bosi Giampaolo, Lorenzoni Massimo, Carosi Antonella, Sayyaf Dezfuli Bahram
Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, St. Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy.
Department of Cellular and Environmental Biology, University of Perugia, St. Elce di sotto 5, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Aug 22;10(9):1479. doi: 10.3390/ani10091479.
On the basis of trophic behavior, fish are classified as herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, or detritivores. Epithelial mucous cells secrete mucin types specific to diet and digestive function. Mucus secretion is regulated mainly by molecular modulators produced by epithelial endocrine cells in response to luminal or tissue stimuli. These modulators are involved in control of food intake and digestive functions. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence studies were conducted on 10 adult northern pike ( Linnaeus, 1758) from Lake Piediluco (Central Italy) to quantify distribution of sub-types of mucous and endocrine cells in alimentary mucosal epithelium. Neutral mucins predominated in the esophagus, and mixed and acidic mucins predominated in stomach and intestine. The gastric epithelium contained endocrine cells secreting somatostatin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and substance P. Mucous cells secreting neutral mucins increased in number from proximal to distal intestine, with endocrine cells containing substance P in the proximal intestine and those containing Leu-enkephalin throughout the intestine. Lectin histochemistry of gut sections revealed an abundance of N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-acetyl-galactosamine as carbohydrate residues on the mucin chain. The quantity and content of endocrine and mucous cells in the alimentary canal of showed a direct relationship with its diet.
根据摄食行为，鱼类可分为草食性、肉食性、杂食性或碎屑食性。上皮黏液细胞分泌特定于饮食和消化功能的黏液类型。黏液分泌主要由上皮内分泌细胞产生的分子调节剂调节，以响应管腔或组织刺激。这些调节剂参与食物摄入和消化功能的控制。对来自意大利中部皮耶迪卢科湖的10条成年白斑狗鱼（Linnaeus，1758）进行了免疫组织化学和免疫荧光研究，以量化消化道黏膜上皮中黏液细胞和内分泌细胞亚型的分布。中性黏液在食管中占主导地位，混合性和酸性黏液在胃和肠道中占主导地位。胃上皮含有分泌生长抑素、酪氨酸羟化酶和P物质的内分泌细胞。分泌中性黏液的黏液细胞数量从近端肠道到远端肠道逐渐增加，近端肠道有分泌P物质的内分泌细胞，而整个肠道都有分泌亮氨酸脑啡肽的内分泌细胞。肠道切片的凝集素组织化学显示，黏液素链上有大量的N-乙酰葡糖胺和N-乙酰半乳糖胺作为碳水化合物残基。消化道内分泌细胞和黏液细胞的数量和含量与其饮食呈直接关系。
