Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City 565-0871, Osaka Prefecture, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 24;17(17):6135. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176135.
This study aimed to identify the factors associated with prenatal smoking cessation interventions based on the 5As model among public health nurses (PHNs) in Japan. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 via a self-administered questionnaire. The study subjects were 1988 PHNs working in 431 health centers of municipalities and special wards across the country. Of the 1988 questionnaires mailed, 521 responses (26.2%) were included in the analysis. Of the 521 responses, most of the respondents were female (98.1%) and the mean age was 37.5 years. There were statistically significant differences on age, work regions, experience years working as a PHN and smoking cessation training after becoming a PHN in implementing the 5As. Self-efficacy, professional development competency, research utilization competency, age and experience years working as a PHN were positively associated with the 5As. Social nicotine dependence was negatively associated with the 5As. Furthermore, self-efficacy mediated the relationship between the 5As and professional development competency, research utilization competency, social nicotine dependence, age and experience years working as a PHN. In the future, smoking cessation intervention training should be widely implemented to improve self-efficacy and prenatal smoking cessation interventions among Japanese PHNs.
本研究旨在根据日本公共卫生护士（PHN）的 5A 模型，确定与产前戒烟干预相关的因素。这是一项全国性的横断面研究，于 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 2 月通过自填问卷进行。研究对象为全国 431 个市町村和特别区卫生中心的 1988 名 PHN。共寄出 1988 份问卷，其中 521 份（26.2%）纳入分析。在这 521 份回复中，大多数受访者为女性（98.1%），平均年龄为 37.5 岁。在实施 5A 时，年龄、工作地区、作为 PHN 的工作经验年限以及戒烟培训等方面存在统计学差异。自我效能、专业发展能力、研究利用能力、年龄和作为 PHN 的工作经验年限与 5A 呈正相关。社会尼古丁依赖与 5A 呈负相关。此外，自我效能在 5A 与专业发展能力、研究利用能力、社会尼古丁依赖、年龄和作为 PHN 的工作经验年限之间起中介作用。未来，应广泛开展戒烟干预培训，以提高日本 PHN 的自我效能和产前戒烟干预水平。
