Thomann Beat, Rushton Jonathan, Schuepbach-Regula Gertraud, Nathues Heiko
Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, Veterinary Public Health Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Aug 11;7:500. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00500. eCollection 2020.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes substantial financial losses in pig farms and economic losses to societies worldwide. Vaccination against PRRS virus (PRRSV) is a common intervention in affected farms. The aim of this study was to assess the economic impact and profitability of potential new PRRS vaccines with improved efficacy at animal, herd, and national level. Two vaccination strategies were modeled; (i) mass vaccination of sows only (MS) and (ii) mass vaccination of sows and vaccination of piglets (MSP), comprising different scenarios of vaccine effectiveness, vaccine price, and vaccination coverage. A farrow-to-finish farm with 1,000 working sows from a pig-dense region in Germany served as an example farm. Financial benefits were obtained from gross margin analyses and were defined as difference in gross margin between a PRRSV-infected farm without vaccination (baseline) and with vaccination (intervention). Financial benefits were highest if both sows and piglets (MSP) were vaccinated. In these scenarios, median annual net benefits per working sow ranged from €170 to 340. If sows only were vaccinated (MS), estimated benefits attributable to vaccination were between €148 and 270. Decisive variables for the estimation of national level benefits were the number of farmers switching from existing to a better protecting vaccine, the number of previously non-vaccinating herds adopting the new vaccine, and the effectiveness of the new vaccine relative to those already available. Benefits were greatest when the new vaccine was adopted by previously non-vaccinating herds. The analyses showed that vaccination against PRRS was beneficial for all modeled scenarios. The magnitude of benefits derived from vaccination was more susceptible to changes in vaccination effectiveness than to vaccine price changes. This study provides evidence to support future vaccine development. The estimates indicate that the introduction of more efficient vaccines might lead to substantial financial benefits, is of socio-economic importance and that new vaccines might significantly contribute to the reduction of disease burden.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）给养猪场造成了巨大的经济损失，并给全球社会带来了经济损失。针对PRRS病毒（PRRSV）进行疫苗接种是受影响猪场的常见干预措施。本研究的目的是在动物、猪群和国家层面评估具有更高效力的潜在新型PRRS疫苗的经济影响和盈利能力。模拟了两种疫苗接种策略；（i）仅对母猪进行大规模疫苗接种（MS）和（ii）对母猪进行大规模疫苗接种并对仔猪进行疫苗接种（MSP），包括疫苗效力、疫苗价格和疫苗接种覆盖率的不同情景。以德国一个生猪密集地区的一个拥有1000头能繁母猪的自繁自养猪场作为示例猪场。通过毛利率分析获得了经济效益，并将其定义为未接种疫苗（基线）和接种疫苗（干预）的PRRSV感染猪场之间的毛利率差异。如果母猪和仔猪都接种疫苗（MSP），经济效益最高。在这些情景中，每头能繁母猪的年净效益中位数在170欧元至340欧元之间。如果仅对母猪进行疫苗接种（MS），归因于疫苗接种的估计效益在148欧元至270欧元之间。估计国家层面效益的决定性变量是从现有疫苗改用更好保护疫苗的养殖户数量、之前未接种疫苗的猪群采用新疫苗的数量以及新疫苗相对于现有疫苗的效力。当之前未接种疫苗的猪群采用新疫苗时，效益最大。分析表明，针对PRRS进行疫苗接种对所有模拟情景都是有益的。疫苗接种产生的效益幅度对疫苗效力变化比对疫苗价格变化更敏感。本研究为支持未来疫苗开发提供了证据。估计表明，引入更高效的疫苗可能会带来巨大的经济效益，具有社会经济重要性，并且新疫苗可能会显著有助于减轻疾病负担。
