Drag Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Nov;131:110671. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110671. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Oral cancer (OC) is considered as sixth most common cancer in the world. The challenge facing oral cancer is the lack of non-invasive, rapid, sensitive, accurate, and inexpensive screening and diagnosis methods. Given the increasing importance of prevention, prognosis, and early-stage diagnosis of cancer in improving of survival rate, the use of efficient diagnostic devices is essential. In this study, novel bioassay based on antigen and antibody immunocomplex was proposed for early stage diagnosis of OC. For the first time, an efficient immunosensor (Cys-GA-anti-Cyfra21.1-BSA-Cyfra21.1 antigen/AuE) was successfully designed and developed to the detection and determination of the Cyfra21.1 biomarker in unprocessed human saliva samples. The Au electrode was modified by Cysteamine (CysA) and Glutaraldehyde (GA) respectively via self-assembly as a substrate to immobilize the biological agents. The engineered immunosensor exhibit an excellent ability to detect and determine of Cyfra21.1 biomarker in low concentrations in unprocessed human saliva samples. Under the optimized operating conditions, the results demonstrate that the desired platform has a good sensitivity in the detecting of Cyfra21.1 with the low limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 2.5 ng/mL, which this evaluation was performed at a wide linear range of 2.5-50 ng/mL. The use of the CysA-GA nano-hybrid as extraordinary stable substrate and extensive platform to place recognition elements was investigated using various electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). In this study, the engineered biosensor was used to non-invasive detection of Cyfra21.1 in unprocessed human saliva sample. Based on results, CysA-GA-anti-Cyfra21.1 antibody-BSA- Cyfra21.1 antigen/AuE with significantly high current intensity can provide appropriate, reliable, affordable, quick, and user-friendly diagnostic device to monitoring oral abnormality by detection and determination of Cyfra21.1 biomarker in human real sample. Above all, the easy to prepared designed immunosensor can be an extremely promising candidate to specific and favorable for a vast range of clinical diagnosis of OC in near future.
口腔癌（OC）被认为是世界上第六种最常见的癌症。口腔癌面临的挑战是缺乏非侵入性、快速、敏感、准确和廉价的筛查和诊断方法。鉴于癌症预防、预后和早期诊断对于提高生存率的重要性日益增加，使用有效的诊断设备至关重要。在这项研究中，提出了一种基于抗原和抗体免疫复合物的新型生物测定法，用于 OC 的早期诊断。首次成功设计并开发了一种高效的免疫传感器（Cys-GA-anti-Cyfra21.1-BSA-Cyfra21.1 抗原/AuE），用于检测和测定未经处理的人唾液样本中的 Cyfra21.1 生物标志物。通过自组装，将半胱胺（CysA）和戊二醛（GA）分别修饰到 Au 电极上作为基底来固定生物试剂。所设计的免疫传感器在未经处理的人唾液样本中以低浓度检测和测定 Cyfra21.1 生物标志物的能力表现出色。在优化的操作条件下，结果表明，该平台在检测 Cyfra21.1 方面具有良好的灵敏度，定量下限（LLOQ）为 2.5ng/mL，在 2.5-50ng/mL 的宽线性范围内进行了评估。使用 CysA-GA 纳米杂化物作为极好的稳定基底和广泛的平台来放置识别元件，使用各种电化学方法进行了研究，包括循环伏安法（CV）和方波伏安法（SWV）。在这项研究中，该工程化的生物传感器用于非侵入性检测未经处理的人唾液样本中的 Cyfra21.1。基于结果，CysA-GA-anti-Cyfra21.1 抗体-BSA-Cyfra21.1 抗原/AuE 具有显著高的电流强度，可以提供合适的、可靠的、负担得起的、快速的和用户友好的诊断设备，通过检测和测定人真实样本中的 Cyfra21.1 生物标志物来监测口腔异常。总之，易于制备的设计免疫传感器可以成为一种极具前景的候选者，适用于未来广泛的 OC 临床诊断。
