Weng Yuan-Yuan, Lei Xu, Yu Jing
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China.
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Sleep Med. 2020 Nov;75:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.044. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
Accumulating evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between sleep disruption and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Among various sleep electroencephalography activities, the sleep spindle is one specific electroencephalographic rhythm that has potential to be a biomarker for AD. This review explores the association between sleep spindles and AD-related dementia from a neuropsychological perspective by a systematic re-examining of recent findings. In general, sleep spindles, characterized by density, amplitude, duration, and frequency, are disrupted in AD. Moreover, its functional coupling with slow oscillation also suffers in AD. While preliminary, our observations and comparisons suggest that spindle density rather than frequency and fast spindles rather than slow spindles could be more sensitive to AD-related dementia, and spindle plasticity provides possibilities for targeted interference. In conclusion, quantitative and qualitative features of sleep spindles represent potential non-invasive and cost-effective biomarkers for AD and provide both therapeutic and public health implications.
越来越多的证据支持睡眠中断与阿尔茨海默病（AD）病理之间的双向关系。在各种睡眠脑电图活动中，睡眠纺锤波是一种特定的脑电图节律，有可能成为AD的生物标志物。本综述通过系统地重新审视近期研究结果，从神经心理学角度探讨睡眠纺锤波与AD相关痴呆之间的关联。一般来说，以密度、振幅、持续时间和频率为特征的睡眠纺锤波在AD中会受到干扰。此外，其与慢振荡的功能耦合在AD中也会受损。虽然尚属初步，但我们的观察和比较表明，纺锤波密度而非频率，以及快纺锤波而非慢纺锤波可能对AD相关痴呆更敏感，并且纺锤波可塑性为靶向干预提供了可能性。总之，睡眠纺锤波的定量和定性特征代表了AD潜在的非侵入性且具有成本效益的生物标志物，并具有治疗和公共卫生意义。
