Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2021 Apr;67:34-41. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2020.08.001. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Coordinated excitatory and inhibitory activity is required for proper brain functioning. Recent computational and experimental studies have demonstrated that activity patterns in recurrent cortical networks are dominated by inhibition. Whereas previous studies have suggested that inhibitory plasticity is important for homeostatic control, this new framework puts inhibition in the driver's seat. Complex neuronal networks in the brain comprise many configurations in parallel, controlled by external and internal 'switches'. Context-dependent modulation and plasticity of inhibitory connections play a key role in memory and learning. It is therefore important to realize that synaptic plasticity is often multisynaptic and that a proper balance between excitation and inhibition is not fixed, but depends on context and activity level.
协调的兴奋和抑制活动是大脑正常运作所必需的。最近的计算和实验研究表明，递归皮质网络中的活动模式主要受抑制控制。虽然之前的研究表明抑制性可塑性对于体内平衡控制很重要，但这个新框架将抑制作用置于主导地位。大脑中的复杂神经网络由许多并行的配置组成，由外部和内部的“开关”控制。抑制性连接的上下文相关调制和可塑性在记忆和学习中起着关键作用。因此，重要的是要认识到突触可塑性通常是多突触的，并且兴奋和抑制之间的适当平衡不是固定的，而是取决于上下文和活动水平。
