Synthetic Biology Group, Microbiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France.
Synthetic Biology Group, Microbiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2020 Oct;57:70-77. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.07.009. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Recent advances in genomics have uncovered the tremendous diversity and richness of microbial ecosystems. New functional genomics methods are now needed to probe gene function in high-throughput and provide mechanistic insights. Here, we review how the CRISPR toolbox can be used to inactivate, repress or overexpress genes in a sequence-specific manner and how this offers diverse attractive solutions to identify gene function in high-throughput. Developed both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, CRISPR screening technologies have already provided meaningful insights in microbiology and host-pathogen interactions. In the era of microbiomes, the versatility and the functional diversity of CRISPR-derived tools has the potential to significantly improve our understanding of microbial communities and their interaction with the host.
基因组学的最新进展揭示了微生物生态系统的巨大多样性和丰富性。现在需要新的功能基因组学方法来高通量探测基因功能，并提供机制见解。在这里，我们回顾了如何使用 CRISPR 工具箱以序列特异性方式使基因失活、抑制或过表达，以及这如何为高通量鉴定基因功能提供多样化的有吸引力的解决方案。CRISPR 筛选技术在真核生物和原核生物中都得到了发展，已经为微生物学和宿主-病原体相互作用提供了有意义的见解。在微生物组时代，CRISPR 衍生工具的多功能性和功能多样性有可能极大地提高我们对微生物群落及其与宿主相互作用的理解。
