Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2022;52:241-265. doi: 10.1007/7854_2020_171.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, acts at the ionotropic GABA and GABA receptors, and the metabotropic GABA receptor. This chapter summarizes the studies that have investigated the role of the GABA receptor in stress-related psychiatric disorders including anxiety and mood disorders. Overall, clinical and preclinical evidences strongly suggest that the GABA receptor is a therapeutic candidate for depression and anxiety disorders. However, the clinical development of GABA receptor-based drugs to treat these disorders has been hampered by their potential side-effects, particularly those of agonists. Nevertheless, the discovery of novel GABA receptor allosteric modulators, and increasing understanding of the influence of specific intracellular GABA receptor-associated proteins on GABA receptor activity, may now pave the way towards GABA receptor therapeutics in the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是大脑中的主要抑制性神经递质，作用于离子型 GABA 和 GABA 受体以及代谢型 GABA 受体。本章总结了研究 GABA 受体在与应激相关的精神疾病（包括焦虑和心境障碍）中的作用的研究。总的来说，临床和临床前证据强烈表明 GABA 受体是治疗抑郁和焦虑障碍的候选药物。然而，基于 GABA 受体的药物治疗这些疾病的临床开发受到其潜在副作用的阻碍，特别是激动剂的副作用。然而，新型 GABA 受体变构调节剂的发现以及对特定细胞内 GABA 受体相关蛋白对 GABA 受体活性影响的认识不断加深，可能为治疗心境和焦虑障碍的 GABA 受体治疗铺平道路。
