The Gilmore-NASG model to predict single-bubble cavitation in compressible liquids.

The Gilmore model is combined with the Noble-Abel-stiffened-gas (NASG) equation of state to yield a simple model to predict the expansion and collapse of spherical bubbles based on real gas thermodynamics. The NASG equation of state resolves the temperature inaccuracy associated with the commonly employed Tait equation of state for liquids and, thus, can provide a consistent description of compressible and thermal effects of the bubble content and the surrounding liquid during cavitation. After a detailed derivation of the proposed Gilmore-NASG model, the differences between the classical Gilmore-Tait model and the proposed model are highlighted with results of single-bubble cavitation related to bubble collapse and driven by an acoustic excitation in frequency and amplitude regimes relevant to sonoluminescence, high-intensity focused ultrasound and shock wave lithotripsy. Especially for rapidly and violently collapsing bubbles, substantial differences in the bubble behaviour can be observed between the proposed Gilmore-NASG model and the classical Gilmore-Tait model. The ability of the Gilmore-NASG model to simultaneously predict reliable pressure and temperature values in gas, vapour and liquid, makes the proposed model particularly attractive for sonochemistry and biomedical applications.