Ortega Miguel A, Fraile-Martínez Oscar, Guijarro Luis G, Casanova Carlos, Coca Santiago, Álvarez-Mon Melchor, Buján Julia, García-Honduvilla Natalio, Asúnsolo Ángel
Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Aug 28;12(9):2443. doi: 10.3390/cancers12092443.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent and incident female neoplasm worldwide. Although survival rates have considerably improved, it is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the posttranscriptional expression of a wide variety of genes. Although it is usually located in the cytoplasm, several studies have detected a regulatory role of microRNAs in other cell compartments such as the nucleus or mitochondrion, known as "mitomiRs". MitomiRs are essential modulators of mitochondrion tasks and their abnormal expression has been linked to the aetiology of several human diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including breast cancer. This review aims to examine basic knowledge of the role of mitomiRs in breast cancer and discusses their prospects as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
乳腺癌是全球范围内最常见且发病率最高的女性肿瘤。尽管生存率有了显著提高，但它仍是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。微小RNA是一类小的非编码RNA分子，可调节多种基因的转录后表达。虽然微小RNA通常位于细胞质中，但多项研究已检测到其在其他细胞区室（如细胞核或线粒体，即“线粒体微小RNA”）中的调节作用。线粒体微小RNA是线粒体功能的重要调节因子，其异常表达与包括乳腺癌在内的几种与线粒体功能障碍相关的人类疾病的病因有关。本综述旨在探讨线粒体微小RNA在乳腺癌中作用的基础知识，并讨论其作为生物标志物或治疗靶点的前景。
