Sapozhnikova Yulia P, Koroleva Anastasia G, Yakhnenko Vera M, Tyagun Marina L, Glyzina Olga Yu, Coffin Allison B, Makarov Mikhail M, Shagun Artem N, Kulikov Viktor A, Gasarov Polikarp V, Kirilchik Sergey V, Klimenkov Igor V, Sudakov Nikolay P, Anoshko Pavel N, Kurashova Nadezhda A, Sukhanova Lyubov V
Laboratory of Ichthyology, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
Experimental Hydrobiology Group, Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Ulan-Batorskaya, Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2020 Aug;148(2):895. doi: 10.1121/10.0001674.
This research examined the impacts of acoustic stress in peled (Coregonus peled Gmelin, 1788), a species commonly cultivated in Russia. This study presents a comparative analysis of the macula sacculi and otoliths, as well as primary hematological and secondary telomere stress responses, in control and sound-exposed peled. The authors measured the effects of long-term (up to 18 days) exposure to a 300 Hz tone at mean sound pressure levels of 176-186 dB re 1 μPa (SPL); the frequency and intensity were selected to approximate loud acoustic environments associated with cleaning equipment in aquaculture settings. Acoustic exposure resulted in ultrastructure changes to otoliths, morphological damage to sensory hair cells of the macula sacculi, and a gradual decrease in the number of functionally active mitochondria in the red blood cells but no changes to telomeres. Changes were apparent following at least ten days of acoustic exposure. These data suggest that acoustic exposure found in some aquaculture settings could cause stress responses and auditory damage to peled and, potentially, other commercially important species. Reducing sound levels in fish rearing facilities could contribute to the formation of effective aquaculture practices that mitigate noise-induced stress in fishes.
本研究调查了声学应激对俄罗斯常见养殖鱼类佩氏胡瓜鱼（Coregonus peled Gmelin，1788）的影响。本研究对对照和暴露于声音环境下的佩氏胡瓜鱼的球囊斑和耳石进行了比较分析，同时分析了主要血液学和次要端粒应激反应。作者测量了在平均声压级为176 - 186 dB re 1 μPa（声压级）下长期（长达18天）暴露于300 Hz音调的影响；选择该频率和强度是为了模拟水产养殖环境中与清洁设备相关的高声学环境。声学暴露导致耳石超微结构变化、球囊斑感觉毛细胞形态损伤以及红细胞中功能活跃线粒体数量逐渐减少，但端粒无变化。声学暴露至少十天后变化明显。这些数据表明，一些水产养殖环境中的声学暴露可能会对佩氏胡瓜鱼以及其他具有商业重要性的物种造成应激反应和听觉损伤。降低养鱼设施中的声音水平有助于形成有效的水产养殖实践，减轻鱼类的噪声诱导应激。
