School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, EKO University of Medicine and Health Science, Ijanikin, Nigeria.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2020 Nov 1;319(5):R507-R516. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00214.2020. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
Obesity is an increasing global health epidemic that affects all ages, including women of reproductive age. During pregnancy, maternal obesity is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes that lead to complications for the mother. In addition, maternal obesity can increase the risk of poor perinatal outcomes for the infant due to altered development. Recent research has investigated the effects of maternal obesity on peripheral organ development and health in later life in offspring. In this review, we have summarized studies that investigated the programming effects of maternal obesity before and during pregnancy on metabolic, cardiovascular, immune, and microbiome perturbations in offspring. Epidemiological studies investigating the effects of maternal obesity on offspring development can be complex due to other copathologies and genetic diversity. Animal studies have provided some insights into the specific mechanisms and pathways involved in programming peripheral disease risk. The effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy on offspring development are often sex specific, with sex-specific changes in placental transport and function suggestive that this organ is likely to play a central role. We believe that this review will assist in facilitating future investigations regarding the underlying mechanisms that link maternal obesity and offspring disease risk in peripheral organs.
肥胖是一种日益严重的全球健康流行病，影响所有年龄段的人，包括育龄妇女。在怀孕期间，母亲肥胖与不良的妊娠结局相关，导致母亲出现并发症。此外，由于发育改变，母亲肥胖会增加婴儿围产期不良结局的风险。最近的研究调查了母亲肥胖对后代成年后外周器官发育和健康的影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了研究母亲肥胖在怀孕前后对后代代谢、心血管、免疫和微生物组紊乱的编程作用的研究。由于其他共病和遗传多样性，研究母亲肥胖对后代发育影响的流行病学研究可能很复杂。动物研究为涉及编程外周疾病风险的具体机制和途径提供了一些见解。母亲肥胖在怀孕期间对后代发育的影响通常具有性别特异性，胎盘转运和功能的性别特异性变化表明该器官可能发挥核心作用。我们相信，这篇综述将有助于促进未来对母亲肥胖与外周器官后代疾病风险相关的潜在机制的研究。
