MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
BMC Biol. 2020 Sep 2;18(1):112. doi: 10.1186/s12915-020-00803-6.
Modified nucleic acids, also called xeno nucleic acids (XNAs), offer a variety of advantages for biotechnological applications and address some of the limitations of first-generation nucleic acid therapeutics. Indeed, several therapeutics based on modified nucleic acids have recently been approved and many more are under clinical evaluation. XNAs can provide increased biostability and furthermore are now increasingly amenable to in vitro evolution, accelerating lead discovery. Here, we review the most recent discoveries in this dynamic field with a focus on progress in the enzymatic replication and functional exploration of XNAs.
修饰后的核酸，也被称为异源核酸（XNAs），为生物技术应用提供了多种优势，并且解决了第一代核酸治疗药物的一些局限性。事实上，最近已经有几种基于修饰后的核酸的治疗药物获得批准，还有更多的正在进行临床评估。XNAs 可以提高生物稳定性，并且现在越来越容易进行体外进化，从而加速先导化合物的发现。在这里，我们重点介绍 XNAs 的酶复制和功能探索方面的进展，综述了这一充满活力的领域中的最新发现。
