Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Center for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Aug 1;36(8):2306-2312. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003780. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Allsopp, GL, Hoffmann, SM, Feros, SA, Pasco, JA, Russell, AP, and Wright, CR. The effect of normobaric hypoxia on resistance training adaptations in older adults. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2306-2312, 2022-The effect of normobaric hypoxia on strength, body composition, and cardiovascular fitness was investigated after a resistance training intervention in older adults. A single-blinded, randomized control trial recruited 20 healthy adults aged 60-75 years for an 8-week resistance training intervention in normoxia ( n = 10) or normobaric hypoxia (14.4% O 2 ; n = 10). Subjects performed 2 sessions per week of upper-body and lower-body exercises at 70% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Pretraining and post-training, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 max), muscular endurance (30 maximal knee flexions/extensions), and 5RM were assessed, with 5RM used to calculate 1RM. Subjects underwent whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at pretraining and post-training for fat and lean mass quantification. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Subjects in both groups substantially improved their calculated 1RM strength for leg extension, pectoral fly, row, and squat (normoxia; 30, 38, 27, and 29%, hypoxia; 43, 50, 28, and 64%, respectively); however, hypoxia did not augment this response. Hypoxia did not enhance V̇O 2 max or muscular endurance responses after the training intervention, with no improvements seen in either group. Fat mass and lean mass remained unchanged in both groups after the intervention. In summary, 8 weeks of resistance training in hypoxia was well tolerated in healthy older adults and increased upper-body and lower-body strength. However, the magnitude of strength and lean muscle improvements in hypoxia was no greater than normoxia; therefore, there is currently no evidence to support the use of hypoxic resistance training in older adults.
Allsopp, GL, Hoffmann, SM, Feros, SA, Pasco, JA, Russell, AP, 和 Wright, CR. 常压低氧对老年人抗阻训练适应的影响。J 力量与 Conditioning 研究 36(8): 2306-2312, 2022-常压低氧对力量、身体成分和心血管健康的影响在老年人进行抗阻训练干预后进行了研究。一项单盲、随机对照试验招募了 20 名年龄在 60-75 岁的健康成年人，在常氧（n = 10）或常压低氧（14.4% O 2 ；n = 10）中进行 8 周的抗阻训练干预。受试者每周进行 2 次上半身和下半身运动，强度为 1 次最大重复（1RM）的 70%。在训练前和训练后评估最大摄氧量（V̇O 2 max）、肌肉耐力（30 次最大膝关节屈伸）和 5RM，并用 5RM 计算 1RM。受试者在训练前和训练后进行全身双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）测量脂肪和瘦体重。p < 0.05 为差异有统计学意义。两组受试者的腿部伸展、俯卧撑、划船和深蹲的计算 1RM 力量都有显著提高（常氧；分别为 30%、38%、27%和 29%，低氧；分别为 43%、50%、28%和 64%）；然而，低氧并没有增强这种反应。低氧并没有增强训练干预后的 V̇O 2 max 或肌肉耐力反应，两组都没有改善。两组的脂肪量和瘦体重在干预后均保持不变。总之，8 周的低氧抗阻训练在健康老年人中耐受性良好，并能增加上半身和下半身的力量。然而，低氧条件下的力量和瘦肌肉改善程度并不大于常氧；因此，目前没有证据支持在老年人中使用低氧抗阻训练。
