Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2020 Sep 3;15(9):e0238163. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238163. eCollection 2020.
We evaluated the effects of grape juice (Vitis labrusca L.) on dyslipidemia, resistance to insulin, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in mice homozygous for the absence of the LDL receptor gene (LDLr -/-) under a hyperlipidemic diet.
We divided 30 male mice (3 months old) into three groups (n = 10); the HL group was fed a high-fat diet, the HLU group received a high-fat diet and 2 g/kg/day of grape juice, and the HLS group was fed a high-fat diet and simvastatin (20 mg/kg/day). We assessed the blood pressure profile of the mice. We also determined the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile, glycemic and insulinemic profiles, and calculated the HOMA-IR. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial collagen deposit, and the expression of CD40 ligand (CD40L) and metalloproteinases 2 and 9 were assessed immunohistologically.
After 60 days, the mice treated with grape juice showed similar results as those of the group treated with simvastatin. The use of grape fruit attenuated dyslipidemia and insulin resistance and significantly increased the levels of high cholesterol density lipoproteins (HDLc). The antioxidant potential of phenolic compounds associated with the increase in HDLc levels in the mice of the HLU group prevented the development of LVH and arterial hypertension since it inhibited the inflammatory response induced by the CD40 pathway and its ligand CD40L. Consequently, there was a lower expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and lower serum levels of CRP.
Grape juice has a hypolipidemic and cardiac protective potential, presenting a similar effect as that of simvastatin through a direct antioxidant action of phenolic compounds, or indirectly, via antioxidant action and anti-inflammatory activity of the HDLc. These results suggest that grape juice is a functional food possessing a high potential to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
我们评估了葡萄汁（Vitis labrusca L.）对 LDL 受体基因缺失（LDLr-/-）杂合子高脂饮食小鼠血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗和左心室肥厚（LVH）的影响。
我们将 30 只 3 个月大的雄性小鼠（n=10）分为三组；HL 组喂食高脂肪饮食，HLU 组给予高脂肪饮食和 2g/kg/天的葡萄汁，HLS 组喂食高脂肪饮食和辛伐他汀（20mg/kg/天）。我们评估了小鼠的血压特征。我们还测定了 C 反应蛋白（CRP）和血脂谱、血糖和胰岛素谱，并计算了 HOMA-IR。用免疫组织化学方法评估心肌细胞肥大、间质胶原沉积以及 CD40 配体（CD40L）和金属蛋白酶 2 和 9 的表达。
60 天后，葡萄汁处理组与辛伐他汀处理组的结果相似。葡萄柚的使用减轻了血脂异常和胰岛素抵抗，并显著增加了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLc）水平。与 HDLc 水平升高相关的酚类化合物的抗氧化潜力抑制了 CD40 途径及其配体 CD40L 诱导的炎症反应，从而防止了 LVH 和动脉高血压的发展。因此，MMP-2 和 MMP-9 的表达降低，血清 CRP 水平降低。
葡萄汁具有降血脂和心脏保护潜力，通过酚类化合物的直接抗氧化作用或通过 HDLc 的抗氧化作用和抗炎活性，产生与辛伐他汀相似的效果。这些结果表明，葡萄汁是一种具有高预防心血管疾病潜力的功能性食品。
