College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2020 Nov 15;168:112537. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112537. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
Nanozymes are engineered nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities. Over the past decade, impressive progresses on nanozymes in biosensing have been made due to their unique advantages of high stability, low cost, and easy modification compared to natural enzymes. For many biosensors, it is critical to conjugate nanozymes to affinity ligands such as antibodies and aptamers. Since different nanomaterials have different surface properties, conjugation methods need to be compatible with these properties. In addition, the effect of biomolecules on nanozyme activity needs to be considered. In this review, we first categorized nanozyme-based biosensors into four parts, respectively describing noncovalent and covalent modifications with antibodies and aptamers. Meanwhile, recent advances in antibody and aptamer labeled nanozyme biosensors are summarized, and the methods of their conjugation are further illustrated. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives for the development and application of nanozyme bioconjugates are discussed.
纳米酶是具有类酶活性的工程纳米材料。在过去的十年中，由于纳米酶相对于天然酶具有高稳定性、低成本和易于修饰等独特优势，在生物传感领域取得了令人瞩目的进展。对于许多生物传感器来说，将纳米酶与抗体和适体等亲和配体偶联是至关重要的。由于不同的纳米材料具有不同的表面性质，因此偶联方法需要与这些性质相兼容。此外，还需要考虑生物分子对纳米酶活性的影响。在本文中，我们首先将基于纳米酶的生物传感器分为四部分，分别描述了与抗体和适体的非共价和共价修饰。同时，总结了近年来抗体和适体标记纳米酶生物传感器的进展，并进一步说明了它们的偶联方法。最后，讨论了纳米酶生物缀合物的发展和应用的结论和未来展望。
