Lo Verde Gabriella, Guarino Salvatore, Barone Stefano, Rizzo Roberto
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
Insects. 2020 Sep 1;11(9):589. doi: 10.3390/insects11090589.
Control of the plum fruit moth, Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), has been mainly based on the use of chemical insecticides, which can cause undesirable side effects, leading to a growing interest towards alternative sustainable strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the mating disruption technique on infestation in plum orchards, by comparing the number of male captures in pheromone-baited traps, and evaluating the damage to fruits in plots treated with the pheromone dispersers and in control plots. The study was carried out in 2012 and 2014 in three organic plum orchards, on the cultivars Angeleno, Friar, President and Stanley. To evaluate the pheromone emission curve of the dispensers from the openings to the end of the trials, a chemical analysis was carried out by solid phase micro-extraction followed by gas chromatography, followed by mass spectrometry. In all years and orchards the mean number of males caught in traps placed in the treatment plots was always significantly lower than untreated plots. Pheromone emission from the dispensers was highest at the opening, and was still considerable at 54 days of field exposure, while it significantly decreased after 72 days of field exposure. Cultivar was confirmed to be an essential factor in determining the fruit infestation level. Pheromone treatment significantly reduced fruit infestation, but not economic damage.
李果蠹蛾（鳞翅目：卷蛾科）的防治主要依赖化学杀虫剂，但其可能会产生不良副作用，这使得人们对可持续替代策略的兴趣日益浓厚。本研究旨在通过比较性诱捕器中捕获的雄蛾数量，并评估用性信息素分散器处理的地块和对照地块中果实的受害情况，来评价交配干扰技术对李园虫害的防治效果。该研究于2012年和2014年在三个有机李园进行，种植品种为安吉利诺、弗莱尔、总统和斯坦利。为了评估从试验开始到结束时分散器的性信息素释放曲线，采用固相微萃取结合气相色谱，随后进行质谱分析的方法进行化学分析。在所有年份和果园中，放置在处理地块的诱捕器捕获的雄蛾平均数量始终显著低于未处理地块。分散器的性信息素释放量在试验开始时最高，在田间暴露54天时仍相当可观，但在田间暴露72天后显著下降。品种被证实是决定果实虫害水平的一个重要因素。性信息素处理显著降低了果实虫害，但未降低经济损失。
