Department of Applied Mechanics and Project Engineering, School of Aerospace and Industrial Engineering of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas y su Control, Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 1;17(17):6369. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176369.
Risk assessment on a construction site is based on the probability and consequences of the accident. But due to the complexity of the construction processes, this new methodology for the evaluation of occupational risks, called Level of Preventive Action, develops a new parameter for evaluating preventive action based on documentary environment that reflects the complexity of the work units, location and interdependence, construction environment referred to construction and protection systems, and social environment relative to the perception of the environment and the workers' emotional states. The evaluation criteria of the new method are established by developing the William T. Fine methodology and incorporating concepts such as risk tolerance, the importance of work and personal satisfaction, which justify the degree of correction of preventive actions. This methodology determines the amount of preventive action control that is required during the construction process. This research proposes a risk assessment protocol adapted to construction sites based on specialized technical observation with a psychosocial survey on site. Some results of the implementation of the method in real work are shown. In conclusion, the determining parameter towards optimal control of preventive action is the direct and active participation of workers in safety matters.
施工现场的风险评估基于事故发生的概率和后果。但是，由于施工过程的复杂性，这种新的职业风险评估方法，称为“预防行动级别”，基于反映工作单位复杂性的文件环境开发了一个新的预防行动评估参数，包括位置和相互依存关系、施工环境涉及施工和保护系统，以及与环境感知和工人情绪状态有关的社会环境。新方法的评估标准是通过开发威廉·T·法因方法并纳入风险容忍度、工作重要性和个人满意度等概念来建立的，这些概念证明了预防措施纠正程度的合理性。该方法确定了施工过程中所需的预防行动控制量。本研究提出了一种基于现场专门技术观察和现场社会心理调查的适应施工现场的风险评估方案。展示了该方法在实际工作中的一些实施结果。结论是，确定预防行动最佳控制的决定因素是工人直接积极参与安全事务。
