Barnett Brad P, Wahlin Karl, Krawczyk Michal, Spencer Doran, Welsbie Derek, Afshari Natalie, Chao Daniel
NVISION Eye Centers-South Sacramento, 7501 Hospital Dr. Suite 105, Sacramento, CA 95823, USA.
Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Vision (Basel). 2020 Sep 1;4(3):40. doi: 10.3390/vision4030040.
to provide a prospective on the current mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and replicates, and its implications for ocular transmission. The literature was analyzed to understand ocular transmission as well as molecular mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and replicates. Analysis of gene expression profiles from available datasets, published immunohistochemistry, as well as current literature was reviewed, to assess the likelihood that ocular inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 results in systemic infection.
The ocular surface and retina have the necessary proteins, Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2), CD147, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Cathepsin L (CTSL) necessary to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. In addition to direct ocular infection, virus carried by tears through the nasolacrimal duct to nasal epithelium represent a means of ocular inoculation.
There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 may either directly infect cells on the ocular surface, or virus can be carried by tears through the nasolacrimal duct to infect the nasal or gastrointestinal epithelium.
探讨严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）进入细胞并复制的当前机制及其对眼部传播的影响。分析文献以了解眼部传播以及SARS-CoV-2进入细胞并复制的分子机制。回顾了现有数据集的基因表达谱分析、已发表的免疫组织化学以及当前文献，以评估SARS-CoV-2眼部接种导致全身感染的可能性。
眼表和视网膜具有感染SARS-CoV-2所需的必要蛋白质，即跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2（TMPRSS2）、CD147、血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）和组织蛋白酶L（CTSL）。除了直接眼部感染外，泪液携带的病毒通过鼻泪管到达鼻上皮是眼部接种的一种方式。
有证据表明，SARS-CoV-2可能直接感染眼表细胞，或者病毒可通过泪液经鼻泪管感染鼻或胃肠道上皮。
