Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2020 Oct;55(5):469-481. doi: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1811630. Epub 2020 Sep 3.
In eukaryotes three DNA polymerases (Pols), α, δ, and ε, are tasked with bulk DNA synthesis of nascent strands during genome duplication. Most evidence supports a model where Pol α initiates DNA synthesis before Pol ε and Pol δ replicate the leading and lagging strands, respectively. However, a number of recent reports, enabled by advances in biochemical and genetic techniques, have highlighted emerging roles for Pol δ in all stages of leading-strand synthesis; initiation, elongation, and termination, as well as fork restart. By focusing on these studies, this review provides an updated perspective on the division of labor between the replicative polymerases during DNA replication.
在真核生物中，有三种 DNA 聚合酶（Pols），α、δ 和 ε，负责在基因组复制过程中合成新生链的大部分 DNA。大多数证据支持这样一种模型，即 Pol α 在 Pol ε 和 Pol δ 分别复制前导链和滞后链之前启动 DNA 合成。然而，近年来，随着生化和遗传技术的进步，越来越多的报道强调了 Pol δ 在领头链合成的所有阶段（起始、延伸和终止以及叉重新启动）中的新兴作用。通过关注这些研究，本文综述提供了在 DNA 复制过程中复制聚合酶之间分工的最新观点。
