Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Internal Medicine I, Department of Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Mol Aspects Med. 2020 Oct;75:100895. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100895. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
Iron is an essential micronutrient for nearly all living organisms. In addition to facilitating redox reactions, iron is bound by metalloproteins that participate in a variety of biological processes. As the bioavailability of free iron in host environments is extremely low, iron lies at the center of a battle for nutrients between microbes and their host. Mucosal surfaces such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts are constantly exposed to commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Whereas a key strategy of mammalian antimicrobial defense is to deprive microbes of iron, pathogens and some commensals have evolved effective strategies to circumvent iron limitation. Here we provide an overview of mechanisms underpinning the tug-of-war for iron between microbes and their host, with a particular focus on mucosal surfaces.
铁是几乎所有生物的必需微量元素。除了促进氧化还原反应外，铁还与参与各种生物过程的金属蛋白结合。由于宿主环境中游离铁的生物利用度极低，铁处于微生物与其宿主之间争夺营养物质的中心位置。呼吸道和胃肠道等黏膜表面不断暴露于共生菌和病原菌微生物。虽然哺乳动物抗菌防御的一个关键策略是剥夺微生物的铁，但病原体和一些共生菌已经进化出有效的策略来规避铁限制。在这里，我们概述了微生物与其宿主之间争夺铁的机制，特别关注黏膜表面。
