Bolijn Renee, Ter Haar C Cato, Harskamp Ralf E, Tan Hanno L, Kors Jan A, Postema Pieter G, Snijder Marieke B, Peters Ron J G, Kunst Anton E, van Valkengoed Irene G M
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMJ Open. 2020 Sep 3;10(9):e039091. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039091.
Major ECG abnormalities have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in asymptomatic populations. However, sex differences in occurrence of major ECG abnormalities have been poorly studied, particularly across ethnic groups. The objectives were to investigate (1) sex differences in the prevalence of major and, as a secondary outcome, minor ECG abnormalities, (2) whether patterns of sex differences varied across ethnic groups, by age and (3) to what extent conventional cardiovascular risk factors contributed to observed sex differences.
Cross-sectional analysis of population-based study.
Multi-ethnic, population-based Healthy Life in an Urban Setting cohort, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
8089 men and 11 369 women of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish and Moroccan origin aged 18-70 years without CVD.
Age-adjusted and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to study sex differences in prevalence of major and, as secondary outcome, minor ECG abnormalities in the overall population, across ethnic groups and by age-groups (18-35, 36-50 and >50 years).
Major and minor ECG abnormalities were less prevalent in women than men (4.6% vs 6.6% and 23.8% vs 39.8%, respectively). After adjustment for conventional risk factors, sex differences in major abnormalities were smaller in ethnic minority groups (OR ranged from 0.61 in Moroccans to 1.32 in South-Asian Surinamese) than in the Dutch (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.65). Only in South-Asian Surinamese, women did not have a lower odds than men (OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.96 to 1.84). The pattern of smaller sex differences in ethnic minority groups was more pronounced in older than in younger age-groups.
The prevalence of major ECG abnormalities was lower in women than men. However, sex differences were less apparent in ethnic minority groups. Conventional risk factors did not contribute substantially to observed sex differences.
在无症状人群中，主要心电图异常与心血管疾病（CVD）负担风险增加相关。然而，关于主要心电图异常发生率的性别差异研究较少，尤其是在不同种族群体之间。本研究目的是调查：（1）主要心电图异常以及次要心电图异常（作为次要结果）患病率的性别差异；（2）性别差异模式是否因种族、年龄不同而有所变化；（3）传统心血管危险因素在观察到的性别差异中所起的作用程度。
基于人群研究的横断面分析。
荷兰阿姆斯特丹多民族、基于人群的城市健康生活队列。
8089名男性和11369名女性，年龄在18 - 70岁之间，分别来自荷兰、南亚苏里南人、非洲苏里南人、加纳人、土耳其人和摩洛哥人，均无心血管疾病。
进行年龄调整和多变量逻辑回归分析，以研究总体人群、不同种族群体以及不同年龄组（18 - 35岁、36 - 50岁和>50岁）中主要心电图异常以及次要心电图异常（作为次要结果）患病率的性别差异。
女性主要和次要心电图异常的患病率低于男性（分别为4.6%对6.6%和23.8%对39.8%）。在调整传统危险因素后，少数族裔群体中主要异常的性别差异（比值比范围从摩洛哥人的0.61到南亚苏里南人的1.32）小于荷兰人（比值比0.49；95%置信区间0.36至0.65）。仅在南亚苏里南人群体中，女性的患病几率不低于男性（比值比1.32；95%置信区间0.96至1.84）。少数族裔群体中较小性别差异的模式在老年组比年轻组更明显。
女性主要心电图异常的患病率低于男性。然而，在少数族裔群体中性别差异不太明显。传统危险因素对观察到的性别差异贡献不大。
