荷兰少数民族群体中过度饮酒、狂饮和酒精依赖的比较：HELIUS 研究。
A Comparison of Excessive Drinking, Binge Drinking and Alcohol Dependence in Ethnic Minority Groups in the Netherlands: The HELIUS Study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Eur Addict Res. 2020;26(2):66-76. doi: 10.1159/000504881. Epub 2019 Dec 6.
BACKGROUND
The Dutch multi-ethnic Healthy Life in an Urban Setting study recently showed that alcohol consumption was lower in ethnic minority groups than those of Dutch origin, but that binge drinking in drinkers of Turkish and Moroccan origin was relatively high. The aim of the current study is to examine factors that may contribute to the differences in drinking patterns and how they relate to the relationship between drinking patterns and alcohol dependence (AD) across ethnic groups.
METHODS
The rate of last year alcohol use, alcohol use patterns and AD was assessed in 4,635 Dutch, 4,317 Moroccan, 4,036 Turkish, 2,459 Ghanaian, 4,426 African Surinamese and 3,357 South-Asian Surinamese participants (both men and women) born in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
RESULTS
Compared to the Dutch, the prevalence of (regular) drinking is substantially lower in all ethnic minority groups and regular drinkers among most ethnic minority groups have a lower adjusted risk to develop binge drinking and AD than the Dutch. For the prevalence of regular drinking, the ethnic differences are bigger than for the prevalence of current drinking. However, regular drinkers of Moroccan origin have a risk similar to the Dutch to develop binge drinking and AD; a finding that could not be explained by group differences in age, sex, religiosity, perceived discrimination, depression or guilt feelings about drinking.
DISCUSSION
The prevalence data show that current drinking is lower and that regular drinking is much lower in ethnic minorities and - with the exception of those of Moroccan origin - ethnic minority regular drinkers also have a significant lower risk to develop binge drinking or AD than regular drinkers of Dutch origin. This implies that the magnitude of problematic alcohol use is substantially smaller in ethnic minorities than in the ethnic Dutch population of Amsterdam. Unfortunately, no explanation was found for the special risk situation of regular drinkers of Moroccan origin.
背景
荷兰多族群健康生活城市环境研究最近表明，少数民族群体的酒精消费水平低于荷兰本土群体，但土耳其裔和摩洛哥裔饮酒者的狂饮现象相对较高。本研究旨在探讨可能导致饮酒模式差异的因素，以及这些因素如何与不同族群的饮酒模式与酒精依赖（AD）之间的关系相关联。
方法
本研究评估了 4635 名荷兰人、4317 名摩洛哥人、4036 名土耳其人、2459 名加纳人、4426 名非洲苏里南人和 3357 名南亚苏里南人（男性和女性）过去一年的饮酒率、饮酒模式和 AD 发生率。这些参与者均出生于荷兰阿姆斯特丹。
结果
与荷兰人相比，所有少数民族群体的（规律）饮酒率都明显较低，且大多数少数民族群体的规律饮酒者发展为狂饮和 AD 的调整后风险较低。与当前饮酒率相比，种族差异在规律饮酒率方面更为明显。然而，摩洛哥裔的规律饮酒者发展为狂饮和 AD 的风险与荷兰人相似；这一发现不能用群体间在年龄、性别、宗教信仰、感知歧视、抑郁或饮酒内疚感方面的差异来解释。
讨论
流行数据表明，当前饮酒率较低，少数民族群体的规律饮酒率更低，且除摩洛哥裔外，少数民族群体的规律饮酒者发展为狂饮或 AD 的风险明显低于荷兰裔的规律饮酒者。这意味着在阿姆斯特丹的荷兰族群中，少数民族的酒精使用问题的严重程度要低得多。遗憾的是，对于摩洛哥裔规律饮酒者的特殊风险情况，我们并没有找到任何解释。
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