Wang Weiyi, Wei Chao
Xiamen Amplly Bio-engineering Co., Ltd, Xiamen, PR China.
Genes Dis. 2020 Jan 27;7(3):308-319. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.01.014. eCollection 2020 Sep.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers globally. In contrast to the declining death rates observed for all other common cancers such as breast, lung, and prostate cancers, the death rates for HCC continue to increase by ~2-3% per year because HCC is frequently diagnosed late and there is no curative therapy for an advanced HCC. The early diagnosis of HCC is truly a big challenge. Over the past years, the early diagnosis of HCC has relied on surveillance with ultrasonography (US) and serological assessments of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). However, the specificity and sensitivity of US/AFP is not satisfactory enough to detect early onset HCC. Recent technological advancements offer hope for early HCC diagnosis. Herein, we review the progress made in HCC diagnostics, with a focus on emerging imaging techniques and biomarkers for early disease diagnosis.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球最常见的癌症之一。与乳腺癌、肺癌和前列腺癌等所有其他常见癌症死亡率下降形成对比的是，HCC的死亡率每年持续上升约2%至3%，因为HCC常常在晚期才被诊断出来，而且对于晚期HCC没有治愈性疗法。HCC的早期诊断确实是一项巨大挑战。在过去几年中，HCC的早期诊断依赖于超声检查（US）监测和甲胎蛋白（AFP）的血清学评估。然而，US/AFP的特异性和敏感性不足以令人满意地检测早期发病的HCC。最近的技术进步为HCC的早期诊断带来了希望。在此，我们综述了HCC诊断方面取得的进展，重点关注用于早期疾病诊断的新兴成像技术和生物标志物。
