Mok Ernest, Suga Tadashi, Sugimoto Takeshi, Tomoo Keigo, Dora Kento, Takada Shingo, Hashimoto Takeshi, Isaka Tadao
Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
Heliyon. 2020 Aug 17;6(8):e04745. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04745. eCollection 2020 Aug.
Blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise is recognized as a beneficial strategy in increasing skeletal muscle mass and strength. These positive effects can also be obtained by a mild exercise mode such as walking. However, BFR exacerbates some perceptual responses, such as perceived exertion response, induced by exercise. Despite this knowledge, the negative effects of BFR exercise on major perceptual parameters related to exercise adherence remain unknown. Furthermore, compared with other exercise modes (e.g., resistance exercise), little is known regarding the effects of BFR on perceptual responses to walking. To clarify these issues, we examined the effects of BFR walking on perceptual parameters, including exercise adherence-related parameters.
Eighteen healthy, young males performed both BFR and non-BFR (NBFR) walking on a treadmill in a crossover design. Exercise was performed as five sets of 2-min walking with 1-min rest intervals. BFR walking was performed with 200 mmHg pressure cuffs placed around the proximal region of the thighs. NBFR walking was performed without pressure cuffs.
Ratings of perceived exertion and leg discomfort were significantly higher during BFR walking than during NBFR walking. Affect and task motivation were significantly lower during BFR walking than during NBFR walking; by contrast, perceived pain was significantly higher during BFR walking than during NBFR walking. Enjoyment immediately after walking was significantly lower with BFR than with NBFR.
These findings suggest that BFR walking induces greater responses of perceptual parameters, including exercise adherence-related parameters, than does NBFR walking. Therefore, BFR walking may decrease adherence to this exercise. To further popularize BFR exercise, further studies are needed to develop effective strategies to minimize the BFR-induced negative effects on perceptual responses.
血流限制（BFR）运动被认为是增加骨骼肌质量和力量的有益策略。这些积极效果也可以通过轻度运动模式（如步行）获得。然而，BFR会加剧运动引起的一些感知反应，如自觉用力反应。尽管有这些认识，但BFR运动对与运动依从性相关的主要感知参数的负面影响仍不明确。此外，与其他运动模式（如抗阻运动）相比，关于BFR对步行感知反应的影响知之甚少。为了阐明这些问题，我们研究了BFR步行对感知参数的影响，包括与运动依从性相关的参数。
18名健康的年轻男性以交叉设计在跑步机上进行BFR和非BFR（NBFR）步行。运动进行五组，每组步行2分钟，间隔1分钟休息。BFR步行时在大腿近端区域佩戴200 mmHg的压力袖带。NBFR步行时不佩戴压力袖带。
BFR步行期间的自觉用力评分和腿部不适感明显高于NBFR步行期间。BFR步行期间的情感和任务动机明显低于NBFR步行期间；相比之下，BFR步行期间的疼痛感知明显高于NBFR步行期间。BFR步行后立即的愉悦感明显低于NBFR步行。
这些发现表明，与NBFR步行相比，BFR步行会引起更大的感知参数反应，包括与运动依从性相关的参数。因此，BFR步行可能会降低对这种运动的依从性。为了进一步推广BFR运动，需要进一步研究制定有效的策略，以尽量减少BFR对感知反应的负面影响。
