McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2020 Oct;20(10):615-632. doi: 10.1038/s41577-020-00434-6. Epub 2020 Sep 4.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most formidable challenge to humanity in a century. It is widely believed that prepandemic normalcy will never return until a safe and effective vaccine strategy becomes available and a global vaccination programme is implemented successfully. Here, we discuss the immunological principles that need to be taken into consideration in the development of COVID-19 vaccine strategies. On the basis of these principles, we examine the current COVID-19 vaccine candidates, their strengths and potential shortfalls, and make inferences about their chances of success. Finally, we discuss the scientific and practical challenges that will be faced in the process of developing a successful vaccine and the ways in which COVID-19 vaccine strategies may evolve over the next few years.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行，是一个世纪以来人类面临的最严峻挑战。人们普遍认为，在安全有效的疫苗战略问世并成功实施全球疫苗接种计划之前，大流行前的常态将永远不会恢复。在此，我们讨论了在制定 COVID-19 疫苗战略时需要考虑的免疫学原则。在此基础上，我们研究了当前的 COVID-19 候选疫苗、它们的优势和潜在的不足，并对它们成功的可能性进行了推断。最后，我们讨论了在开发成功疫苗过程中将要面临的科学和实际挑战，以及 COVID-19 疫苗战略在未来几年可能的演变方式。
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