Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016, USA.
Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Jul;24(10):3009-3017. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020002682. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
The food retail environment is an important determinant of food access and the ability to achieve a healthy diet. However, immigrant communities may procure their food in different ways than the mainstream population owing to preferences for specific cultural products or limited English language proficiency. The objective of this analysis was to describe the grocery shopping patterns and behaviours of one of the largest immigrant groups in New York City, Chinese Americans - a group experiencing high poverty and cardio-metabolic disparities.
Cross-sectional survey data.
Community-based sample.
Self-identified Chinese Americans in the New York metropolitan area (n 239).
Three shopping patterns were identified: type 1: shopped weekly at an ethnic grocery store - and nowhere else; type 2: shopped weekly at a non-ethnic grocery store, with occasional shopping at an ethnic store and type 3: did not perform weekly shopping. Type 1 v. type 2 shoppers tended to have lower education levels (37·5 v. 78·0 % with college degree); to be on public insurance (57·6 v. 22·8 %); speak English less well (18·4 v. 41·4 %); be food insecure (47·2 v. 24·2 %; P < 0·01 for all) and to travel nearly two miles further to shop at their primary grocery store (β = -1·55; 95 % CI -2·81, -0·30).
There are distinct grocery shopping patterns amongst urban-dwelling Chinese Americans corresponding to demographic and sociocultural factors that may help inform health interventions in this understudied group. Similar patterns may exist among other immigrant groups, lending preliminary support for an alternative conceptualisation of how immigrant communities interact with the food retail environment.
食品零售环境是影响食品获取和实现健康饮食的重要决定因素。然而，由于对特定文化产品的偏好或英语水平有限，移民群体在购买食品的方式上可能与主流人群不同。本分析的目的是描述纽约市最大的移民群体之一——美籍华人的杂货店购物模式和行为，这群人面临着较高的贫困和心血管代谢差异。
横断面调查数据。
社区为基础的样本。
纽约大都市区自我认同为美籍华人的人群（n=239）。
确定了三种购物模式：1 型：每周在一家族裔杂货店购物——不在其他地方购物；2 型：每周在一家非族裔杂货店购物，偶尔在族裔商店购物；3 型：不进行每周购物。1 型和 2 型购物者往往受教育程度较低（37.5%与 78.0%具有大学学历）；有更多的人享受公共保险（57.6%与 22.8%）；英语说得较差（18.4%与 41.4%）；有更多的人感到食物不安全（47.2%与 24.2%；所有 P 值均<0.01），并且前往主要杂货店购物的路程要远近两英里（β=-1.55；95%CI-2.81，-0.30）。
城市中生活的美籍华人存在明显的杂货店购物模式，这些模式与人口统计学和社会文化因素相对应，可能有助于为这个研究不足的群体提供健康干预措施。类似的模式可能存在于其他移民群体中，初步支持了一种替代性的概念化方法，即移民社区如何与食品零售环境相互作用。
