Department of Production Technology and Management, Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Rafsanjan, Iran.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad, Iran.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2020 Nov;37(11):1963-1973. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1811901. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
is the main aflatoxin producer in food and feed and has wide ecological niches. Contamination of food products such as pistachio nuts and aflatoxin secretion directly affects food safety and international food product trades. Abilities of 13 yeast strains isolated from 200 soil and pistachio nut samples collected in Iranian orchards to reduce the growth of as well as aflatoxin production were assessed in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds tests. The growth of was reduced by 32-60%, 13-31% and 40-61% in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds, respectively, while aflatoxin B1 production was diminished by 90.6-98.3%. Based on these assays, five yeast strains were selected for co-inoculation experiments using soil, pistachio hulls and leaf. A significant reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) ranging from 23% to 110% ( < .05) was observed. Molecular, physiological and morphological identification revealed these were strains of and . Aflatoxin biocontrol with yeast strains possesses many advantages including the ease of commercial production and organic application which is an environmental approach. More investigation is required to understand the efficiency of selective strains to inhibit and aflatoxin production as well as withstand predominant abiotic stress in pistachio orchards and mass production in field application.
是食品和饲料中主要的黄曲霉毒素生产者，具有广泛的生态位。其污染的产品如开心果和黄曲霉毒素的分泌，直接影响食品安全和国际食品贸易。从伊朗果园采集的 200 份土壤和开心果样本中分离出的 13 株酵母菌株，评估了其在双培养物、挥发性和非挥发性化合物试验中抑制生长和产生黄曲霉毒素的能力。在双培养物、挥发性和非挥发性化合物中，对生长的抑制率分别为 32-60%、13-31%和 40-61%，而黄曲霉毒素 B1 的产量降低了 90.6-98.3%。基于这些试验，选择了 5 株酵母菌株进行土壤、开心果壳和叶片的共同接种实验。观察到菌落形成单位（CFU）的显著减少，范围为 23%至 110%（ < 0.05）。分子、生理和形态鉴定表明，这些菌株是和的菌株。利用酵母菌株进行黄曲霉毒素生物防治具有许多优势，包括易于商业化生产和有机应用，这是一种环保方法。需要进一步研究以了解选择性菌株抑制和黄曲霉毒素产生的效率，以及在开心果果园中耐受主要非生物胁迫和田间大规模生产的能力。
