Bastidas-Caldes Carlos, Vasco-Julio David, Huilca-Ibarra Maria, Guerrero-Freire Salomé, Ledesma-Bravo Yanua, de Waard Jacobus H
One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170530, Ecuador.
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2024 May 5;12(5):937. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12050937.
Palm kernel cake (PKC), a byproduct of palm oil extraction, serves an important role in Ecuador's animal feed industry. The emergence of yellow-orange fungal growth in PKC on some cattle farms in Ecuador sparked concerns within the cattle industry regarding a potential mycotoxin-producing fungus on this substrate. Due to the limited availability of analytical chemistry techniques in Ecuador for mycotoxin detection, we chose to isolate and identify the fungus to determine its association with mycotoxin-producing genera. Through molecular identification via ITS region sequencing, we identified the yellow-orange fungus as the yeast . Furthermore, we isolated two other fungi-the yeast , and the fungus Molecular identification confirmed that all three species are not classified as mycotoxin-producing fungi but in contrast, the literature indicates that all three have demonstrated antifungal activity against and species, genera associated with mycotoxin production. This suggests their potential use in biocontrol to counter the colonization of harmful fungi. We discuss preventive measures against the fungal invasion of PKC and emphasize the importance of promptly identifying fungi on this substrate. Rapid recognition of mycotoxin-producing and pathogenic genera holds the promise of mitigating cattle intoxication and the dissemination of mycotoxins throughout the food chain.
棕榈仁粕（PKC）是棕榈油提取的副产品，在厄瓜多尔的动物饲料行业中发挥着重要作用。厄瓜多尔一些养牛场的PKC中出现黄橙色真菌生长，引发了养牛行业对这种底物上潜在产霉菌毒素真菌的担忧。由于厄瓜多尔用于霉菌毒素检测的分析化学技术有限，我们选择分离和鉴定这种真菌，以确定其与产霉菌毒素属的关联。通过对ITS区域进行测序的分子鉴定，我们将这种黄橙色真菌鉴定为酵母。此外，我们还分离出了另外两种真菌——酵母和真菌。分子鉴定证实，这三个物种均未被归类为产霉菌毒素真菌，但相比之下，文献表明这三种真菌均已显示出对与霉菌毒素产生相关的和物种及属具有抗真菌活性。这表明它们在生物防治中具有对抗有害真菌定殖的潜在用途。我们讨论了针对PKC真菌入侵的预防措施，并强调了及时鉴定这种底物上真菌的重要性。快速识别产霉菌毒素和致病属有望减轻牛的中毒情况以及霉菌毒素在整个食物链中的传播。
