Oregon State University, Human Development and Family Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA.
McGill University, School of Social Work, Montreal, Canada.
Disabil Rehabil. 2022 May;44(10):1923-1932. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1811782. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
To examine household income trajectories of children with and without neurodisability over a period of 6 years.
We used four cycles of the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a longitudinal study of the development and well-being of Canadian children from birth into adulthood.
While household income increased over time for both groups, families of children with neurodisability had consistently lower household income compared to families of children without neurodisability even after controlling for child and family socio-demographic characteristics. The presence of an interaction effect between parent work status and child with neurodisability at baseline indicated that among children whose parent(s) were not working at baseline, household incomes did not differ between children with and without neurodisability.
The association between child with neurodisability and lower household income may not hold for all types of parents', working status is an important consideration.Implications for RehabilitationFindings support the health selection hypothesis that health status shapes diverging economic conditions over time: children with a ND have lower household incomes than children without a ND child across all waves of the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.Income gaps did not increase or decrease over time; rehabilitation services and policies must consider the lower average incomes associated with raising a child with a ND.Social assistance support likely plays a key role in closing the gap, especially for non-working families.
在 6 年的时间内，研究有无神经发育障碍的儿童的家庭收入轨迹。
我们使用了加拿大儿童和青年纵向研究的四个周期，这是一项对加拿大儿童从出生到成年的发展和福祉进行的纵向研究。
虽然两组的家庭收入都随着时间的推移而增加，但即使在控制了儿童和家庭社会人口特征后，有神经发育障碍儿童的家庭收入仍始终低于无神经发育障碍儿童的家庭收入。父母工作状态与儿童神经发育障碍在基线时的交互作用效应的存在表明，在父母在基线时不工作的儿童中，有神经发育障碍和无神经发育障碍的儿童之间的家庭收入没有差异。
儿童神经发育障碍与较低的家庭收入之间的关联可能不适用于所有类型的父母，工作状态是一个重要的考虑因素。
研究结果支持健康选择假说，即健康状况随着时间的推移塑造了不同的经济状况：在加拿大儿童和青年纵向研究的所有波次中，有神经发育障碍的儿童的家庭收入都低于没有神经发育障碍儿童的家庭收入。收入差距并没有随着时间的推移而增加或减少；康复服务和政策必须考虑到抚养有神经发育障碍儿童相关的较低平均收入。社会援助支持可能在缩小差距方面发挥关键作用，特别是对于非工作家庭。
