Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2020 Oct;41:100-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
The evolution of complex organ systems in metazoans has dictated that the maintenance of energy homeostasis requires coordinating local and systemic energy demands between organs with specialized functions. The gastrointestinal tract is one of many organs that is indispensable for the systemic coordination of energy substrate uptake, storage, and usage, and the spatial organization of this organ (i.e. proximity to other metabolic organs) within a complex body plan underlies its role in organ crosstalk. Studies of various arthropod intestines, and in particular insects, have shed light on the evolution and function of the gastrointestinal tract in the maintenance of energy homeostasis. This brief review focuses on studies and theories derived from the insect intestine (particularly the midgut) of adult Drosophila melanogaster to inform on the how, what, and why of the gastrointestinal tract in the systemic regulation of lipids, the most common form of stored energy in insects.
后生动物中复杂器官系统的进化决定了，维持能量稳态需要协调具有特殊功能的器官之间的局部和全身能量需求。胃肠道是许多对全身协调能量底物摄取、储存和利用必不可少的器官之一，而该器官在复杂身体计划中的空间组织（即与其他代谢器官的接近程度）是其在器官串扰中发挥作用的基础。对各种节肢动物肠道，特别是昆虫肠道的研究，揭示了胃肠道在维持能量稳态中的进化和功能。这篇简要综述重点介绍了从成年黑腹果蝇的昆虫肠道（特别是中肠）得出的研究和理论，以了解胃肠道在系统调节脂质（昆虫中最常见的储存能量形式）中的作用、方式和原因。
