Siopa Daniel, El Hajraoui Khalil, Tombolato Sara, Babbe Finn, Lomuscio Alberto, Wolter Max H, Anacleto Pedro, Abderrafi Kamal, Deepak Francis L, Sadewasser Sascha, Dale Phillip J
Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 8;10(1):14763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71717-0.
Micro-concentrator solar cells enable higher power conversion efficiencies and material savings when compared to large-area non-concentrated solar cells. In this study, we use materials-efficient area-selective electrodeposition of the metallic elements, coupled with selenium reactive annealing, to form Cu(In,Ga)Se semiconductor absorber layers in patterned microelectrode arrays. This process achieves significant material savings of the low-abundance elements. The resulting copper-poor micro-absorber layers' composition and homogeneity depend on the deposition charge, where higher charge leads to greater inhomogeneity in the Cu/In ratio and to a patchy presence of a CuInSe OVC phase. Photovoltaic devices show open-circuit voltages of up to 525 mV under a concentration factor of 18 ×, which is larger than other reported Cu(In,Ga)Se micro-solar cells fabricated by materials-efficient methods. Furthermore, a single micro-solar cell device, measured under light concentration, displayed a power conversion efficiency of 5% under a concentration factor of 33 ×. These results show the potential of the presented method to assemble micro-concentrator photovoltaic devices, which operate at higher efficiencies while using light concentration.
与大面积非聚光太阳能电池相比，微聚光太阳能电池能够实现更高的功率转换效率并节省材料。在本研究中，我们使用材料高效的金属元素区域选择性电沉积，并结合硒反应退火，在图案化微电极阵列中形成Cu(In,Ga)Se半导体吸收层。该工艺实现了低丰度元素的显著材料节省。所得贫铜微吸收层的成分和均匀性取决于沉积电荷，较高的电荷会导致Cu/In比的更大不均匀性以及CuInSe OVC相的斑驳存在。光伏器件在18倍的聚光因子下显示出高达525 mV的开路电压，这比通过材料高效方法制造的其他报道的Cu(In,Ga)Se微太阳能电池要高。此外，在光聚光下测量的单个微太阳能电池器件在33倍的聚光因子下显示出5%的功率转换效率。这些结果表明了所提出的方法组装微聚光光伏器件的潜力，该器件在使用光聚光的同时以更高的效率运行。
