注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中的觉醒与执行功能改变
Arousal and Executive Alterations in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
作者信息
Martella Diana, Aldunate Nerea, Fuentes Luis J, Sánchez-Pérez Noelia
机构信息
Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Instituto de Estudios Sociales y Humanísticos, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2020 Aug 12;11:1991. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01991. eCollection 2020.
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder in childhood and can significantly affect a child's personal and social development and academic achievement. Taking into account the model of attentional networks proposed by Posner et al., the aim of the present study was to review the literature regarding two main explicative models of ADHD, i.e., the inhibition model and the cognitive-energetic model, by discussing behavioral and neurological evidence of both models and the limitations of each model. The review highlights evidence that favors the energetic model and points to an unstable arousal as a potential pathogenetic factor in ADHD.
摘要
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是儿童期最常见的神经行为障碍，会显著影响儿童的个人、社交发展及学业成绩。考虑到波斯纳等人提出的注意力网络模型，本研究旨在通过讨论这两种主要的ADHD解释模型（即抑制模型和认知能量模型）的行为及神经学证据以及每种模型的局限性，来回顾相关文献。该综述强调了支持能量模型的证据，并指出唤醒不稳定是ADHD潜在的致病因素。
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