Di Lodovico Silvia, Menghini Luigi, Ferrante Claudio, Recchia Erica, Castro-Amorim Juliana, Gameiro Paula, Cellini Luigina, Bessa Lucinda J
Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Aug 13;11:1852. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01852. eCollection 2020.
Bacteria belonging to genus, in particular methicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant , together with are the main strains involved in skin disease. The increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria has revived attention on natural compounds as alternative agents for the treatment management. Among these, hop extract, a hydroalcoholic solution obtained from experimental crops of L. variety (hop), displays diverse biological properties including an antimicrobial one. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the capacity to inhibit the biofilm formation of a characterized hop extract against and multidrug-resistant strains and against a strain. The hop extract was characterized by (i) phytochemical analysis through a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorimetric method, (ii) biocompatibility test with L., (iii) cytotoxicity against two cell lines, (iv) docking analysis, and (v) antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities by detection of zones inhibition, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), biomass quantification, and cell viability. The hop extract was biocompatible and non-cytotoxic at all tested concentrations. HPLC analysis revealed significant levels of gallic acid, resveratrol, and rutin. This last compound was the most representative displaying a high affinity against PBP2a and KAS III (Ki values in the submicromolar range). The characterized hop extract showed a good antimicrobial action with MICs ranging from 1 to 16 μg/mL and was able to inhibit the biofilm formation of all tested strains, except for two strains. The biofilm formed in presence of the hop extract was significantly reduced in most cases, even when present at a concentration of 1/4 MIC. The live/dead images showed a remarkable inhibition in the biofilm formation by hop extract with a weak killing action. Overall, the tested hop extract is a good candidate to further explore for its use in the prevention of infection particularly, by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
属于该属的细菌，特别是耐甲氧西林和多重耐药的[细菌名称未给出]，与[另一种细菌名称未给出]一起，是参与皮肤病的主要菌株。多重耐药细菌的增加使人们重新关注天然化合物作为治疗管理的替代药物。其中，啤酒花提取物是一种从[啤酒花品种名称未给出]的实验作物中获得的水醇溶液，具有多种生物学特性，包括抗菌特性。本研究的目的是评估一种经过表征的啤酒花提取物对[细菌名称未给出]和多重耐药菌株以及对一种[细菌名称未给出]菌株的抗菌活性和抑制生物膜形成的能力。该啤酒花提取物通过以下方式进行表征：(i) 通过反相高效液相色谱 (HPLC)-荧光法进行植物化学分析，(ii) 与[细胞名称未给出]的生物相容性测试，(iii) 对两种细胞系的细胞毒性，(iv) 对接分析，以及 (v) 通过检测抑菌圈、最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)、生物量定量和细胞活力来评估抗菌和抗生物膜活性。该啤酒花提取物在所有测试浓度下均具有生物相容性且无细胞毒性。HPLC 分析显示含有显著水平的没食子酸、白藜芦醇和芦丁。最后一种化合物是最具代表性的，对 PBP2a 和 KAS III 具有高亲和力（Ki 值在亚微摩尔范围内）。经过表征的啤酒花提取物显示出良好的抗菌作用，MIC 范围为 1 至 16 μg/mL，并且能够抑制所有测试菌株的生物膜形成，但有两种[细菌名称未给出]菌株除外。在大多数情况下，即使啤酒花提取物以 1/4 MIC 的浓度存在，其存在时形成的生物膜也显著减少。活/死图像显示啤酒花提取物对生物膜形成有显著抑制作用，但杀菌作用较弱。总体而言，所测试的啤酒花提取物是进一步探索其在预防感染特别是由多重耐药革兰氏阳性病原体引起的感染方面用途的良好候选物。
